We examined the tension change induced by a rapid temperature jump (T-jump) in shortening and lengthening active muscle fibres. Experiments were done on segments of permeabilized single fibres (length (L0) approximately 2 mm, sarcomere length 2.5 microm) from rabbit psoas muscle; [MgATP] was 4.6 mm, pH 7.1, ionic strength 200 mm and temperature approximately 9 degrees C. A fibre was maximally C...

OBJECTIVE to compare healing strength of the infraspinatus tendon of rats with corticoid inoculation, regarding maximum tension, maximum force and rupture force, after injury and experimental repair. METHODS a total of 60 Wistar rats were subjected to tenotomy of the infraspinatus tendon, which was then sutured. Before the surgery, they were divided into a control group (C) inoculated with se...

Mechanical responses to stretch and length-tension relations were examined in rabbit taenia coli, mesenteric vein, aorta, and myometrium and in guinea pig taenia coli made atonic by incubation in Krebs-bicarbonate solution at 20-22 degrees C. When stretched 10% of the length at which maximum active tension is observed (Lo) in 0.5 s, the muscles showed a transient large force (resistance to stre...

Membrane tension has been proposed to be important in regulating cell functions such as endocytosis and cell motility. The apparent membrane tension has been calculated from tether forces measured with laser tweezers. Both membrane-cytoskeleton adhesion and membrane tension contribute to the tether force. Separation of the plasma membrane from the cytoskeleton occurs in membrane blebs, which co...

ANYONE CONTEMPLATING dynamic roentgenograms of hollow viscera must be impressed that the length changes in the smooth muscles that comprise their walls are larger than the threefold range produced by skeletal muscle having a fixed filament array (1), and studies of muscles isolated from these viscera confirm very long functional ranges. Urinary bladder muscle, for example, has been shown to gen...

2014 We describe a method for the measurement of interfacial tensions in the millidyne/cm range by measuring the diffuse part of the total internally reflected light produced when the interfaces are illuminated close to the critical angle. This method has been used to measure the optimal interfacial tension in toluene-brine microemulsions in simultaneous equilibrium with the oil and aqueous pha...

Micropatterned substrates are often used to standardize cell experiments and to quantitatively study the relation between cell shape and function. Moreover, they are increasingly used in combination with traction force microscopy on soft elastic substrates. To predict the dynamics and steady states of cell shape and forces without any a priori knowledge of how the cell will spread on a given mi...

One of the wind turbine nacelles at Taikoyama wind farm collapsed due to the fatigue failure of high tension bolts. Strain gauges and accelerometers were installed on the wind turbine to verify the aerodynamic model. Furthermore a FEM model was built in order to find out the relationship between tower tube and high tension bolts at the position of flange joint, where the fracture occurred. When...

The effectiveness of the mechanism of surface tension to analyze the host-guest interaction was demonstrated by measuring the unbinding force of the beta-Cyclodextrin (CyD)--adamantane molecules in a liquid environment at the single-molecule level. The contribution of the solvophobic effect was quantitatively distinguished from the intrinsic van der Waals force, and the effective length that pr...

Compared to the significant body of work devoted to surface engineering for promoting dropwise condensation heat transfer of steam, much less attention has been dedicated to fluids with lower interfacial tension. A vast array of low-surface tension fluids such as hydrocarbons, cryogens, and fluorinated refrigerants are used in a number of industrial applications, and the development of passive ...