Tendon transfers in birth brachial plexus palsy Many patients with birth brachial plexus palsy (BBPP) have good spontaneous recovery. This is because the injury is a low velocity injury compared to the adult palsy and hence the injury is mostly a stretch injury which has high potential to recover. Even if there is rupture of the roots the distance to bridge and to travel to the destination is c...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to identify the epidemiologic characteristics of hand tendon injuries in children and to compare these with those of adults. METHODS This retrospective study was conducted on acute traumatic tendon injuries of the hand treated at our institution from 2005 to 2013, based on medical records and X-ray findings. Age, sex, hand injured, mechanism of injury,...

Injury initiates a repair process characterized by influx of fibroblasts and the rapid formation of fibrous scar tissue and subsequent tissue contraction. The response to injury and behavior of the different tendon fibroblast populations, however, has been poorly characterized. We hypothesized that the fibroblasts recovered from tendon with acute injury would exhibit different cell properties r...

Sports participation has undergone an increase in recent decades. Injury due to sporting activity has also recently risen. The Achilles tendon has been one of the most common sports-related injuries. A 2 in 100,000 individual Achilles tendon injury rate increased to a 12 in 100,000 individual injury rate in less than 10 years. The injury is typically observed in men in the fourth to fifth decad...

We compared ultrasound (US) with magnetic resonance (MR) findings of muscle tendon and ligaments (mt&l) of 17 men and 13 women, 16-66 years old, who suffered from acute ankle injury without bone fracture visible on conventional radiographs. Joint effusion (JE), and injury of the Tibials anterior muscle tendon (TAmt), Calcaneofibular ligament (CFl), Long flexor of the great toe muscle tendon (LF...

Spontaneous flexor tendon ruptures are rare. Thirteen patients who had spontaneous intratendinous rupture of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon are described. Twelve of the ruptures occurred in zone III at the level of the lumbrical origin, and one occurred in zone II distal to the A2 pulley. All patients were involved in an activity that required flexion against resistance. Time from injury...

Spontaneous bilateral rupture of Achilles tendon is rare. Rupture of the Achilles tendon has been described in patients on oral corticosteroid therapy. The sudden dorsiflexion of the plantar-flexed foot is the usual mechanism of injury. Spontaneous bilateral rupture is common in the degenerated tendon, which is often seen in patients with long-term corticosteroid therapy. This case is unusual b...

BACKGROUND Tendon disease is characterized by the development of fibrosis. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) are key mediators in the pathogenesis of fibrotic disorders. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the evidence for the expression of TGF-β, BMPs and CTGF along tendon disease progression an...

www.aafp.org/afp AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN 1805 increased activity. The morphologic changes such as decreased cell density, decreased collagen fibril density, and loss of fiber waviness that occur with aging predispose the tendon to injury. The normal gait cycle requires extreme motion from within the ankle. With each step, the subtalar joint typically moves 30 degrees (inverts 20 degrees, ever...