We propose optimized deep learning (DL) models for automatic analysis of udder conformation traits cattle. One the is represented by supernumerary teats that in excess normal number teats. Supernumerary are most common congenital heritable Therefore, major advantage our proposed method its capability to automatically select relevant images and thereafter perform teat classification when limited...

The present study was aimed at measuring the haemoglobin oxygen saturation and pulse rate on dairy cow teats before after milking, using a bespoke low-cost oximeter. oximeter tested in three-day field test involving 18 Holstein Friesian cows raised commercial farm located Northern Italy. results highlighted significant difference both (SpO2) milking entire sample of animals. By dividing accordi...

A 30-year-old milkmaid had asymptomatic 1.5-2.0 cms crusted nodules over her left forearm, right index (Figure 1) and right middle finger of two and an half weeks duration. She gave a history of similar lesions occurring over the teats of her cows three weeks back. The lesions had initially started as papules, which turned vesicular in four days time and were followed by crusting a week later. ...

Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterobacter aerogenes are recognized as the most common coliforms in bovine mastitis (Bannerman et al., 2003). Exposure of uninfected quarters to coliform pathogens occur primarily between milkings and, secondarily, during milking procedures and dry period. Coliform pathogens are essentially opportunistic. Their primary reservoir in transmission is ...

Figure. A) Geographic regions and states (from Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, with permission). Locations of Cantagalo-like episodes reported since 1999 are specified. B) Virus lesions (scabs) on cow teats after infection with isolate MU-07. C) PCR analysis of full-length A56R gene (upper panel) and fragment of A56R gene with the 18-nt deletion (lower panel). D) Concatenated a...

The purpose of milking machines is to harvest milk at optimal quality and speed, while maintaining animal comfort teat defense mechanisms against invading mastitis pathogens. Therefore, the machine a very important piece equipment on dairy farms maintain long healthy lactation by following physiological conditions udder. mechanical forces during long-term processes lead changes in tissue. This ...