Unilateral minimum quality standards are endogenously determined as the outcome of a noncooperative standard-setting game between the governments of two countries. Cross-country externalities from the implementation of minimum quality standards are shown to give rise to a Prisoners’ Dilemma structure in the incentives of policy-makers leading to inefficient policy outcomes. The role of minimum ...

South Korea’s growth miracle has been well documented. A large set of institutional and policy reforms in the early 1960s is thought to have contributed to the country’s extraordinary performance. In this paper, we assess the importance of one key set of policies, the trade policy reforms in Korea, as well as the concurrent GATT tariff reductions. We develop a model of neoclassical growth and t...

South Korea’s growth miracle has been well documented. A large set of institutional and policy reforms in the early 1960s is thought to have contributed to the country’s extraordinary performance. In this paper, we assess the importance of one key set of policies, the trade policy reforms in Korea, as well as the concurrent GATT tariff reductions. We develop a model of neoclassical growth and t...

Consider a rectangular art gallery divided into n rectangular rooms, such that any two rooms sharing a wall in common have a door connecting them. How many guards need to be stationed in the gallery so as to protect all of the rooms in our gallery? Notice that if a guard is stationed at a door, he will be able to guard two rooms. Our main aim in this paper is to show that Èn/2 ̆ guards are alway...

In this paper, we explore how tariff and standard-like Non-Tariff Measures (NTMs) introduced by the EU are related with market conditions in domestic markets. While Tariffs work as a pure tax on import, NTMs potentially affcet costs of both firms foreign exporters. may not necessarily protectionist measures even induce pro-competitive effects longer term, especially if allow for mobility. The i...

This study employed the gravity model of trade to examine effects non-tariff measures (NTMs) on Sri Lankan tea exports. The used a panel data set including bilateral exports retrieved from Lanka and its ten major export destinations 2010 2019. frequency NTMs value shows an increasing trend. estimations show that except for tariff, coefficients all other variables are statistically significant a...