Thyroid Hormones (TH) act on multiple metabolic process influencing the concentration and activity of numerous enzymes, the metabolism of substrates, vitamins and minerals, and the response of target tissues to several hormones. These TH have critical roles in cell differentiation, growth, and regulation of oxygen consumption and thermogenesis [1]. Thyroid disease occurs when the gland is enlar...

The interaction was examined in vitro of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone with rabbit reticulocyte Ca2(+)-ATPase. L-Thyroxine (T4) (0.1 nM) stimulated female-source Ca2(+)-ATPase activity (+21%; P less than 0.03) and inhibited male-source enzyme (-20%; P less than 0.05). Addition of retinoic acid (10 nM-1 microM) did not influence T4-inhibitable male-source Ca2(+)-ATPase, but caused a 52% loss...

Method Participants in the current study were part of the Australian Temperament Project. Participants were 1453 (702 females) adolescents and were assessed across five time points: 11-12 years (T1), 13-14 (T2), 15-16 (T3), 17-18 (T4), 19-20 (T5). Interpersonal problems were drawn from parent and self-reported questionnaires at T1 and T5. Data on depression was taken from self-reports at T2 and...

Hormones have to be transported from their sites of synthesis to their target organs. For lipophilic hormones, such as steroids and thyroid hormones, transport is accomplished by binding to specific serum proteins, in the case of thyroxine (T4) and tri-iodothyronine (T3) to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) and prealbumin (PA). Normally about 70% of circulating T4 and 7540% of T3 is bound to TBG...

It is known that some nutrients can have both negative and positive effects on some populations of insects. To test this, the Logrank test and the Interval Overlap Test were evaluated for two crop cycles (February-May and May-August) of the 7705 tomato hybrid, and the effect on the psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc.) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), was examined under greenhouse conditions. Tomato p...

We continue Mizar formalization of General Topology according to the book [20] by Engelking. Niemytzki plane is defined as halfplane y ≥ 0 with topology introduced by a neighborhood system. Niemytzki plane is not T4. Next, the definition of Tychonoff space is given. The characterization of Tychonoff space by prebasis and the fact that Tychonoff spaces are between T3 and T4 is proved. The final ...

The structure and assembly of bacteriophage T4 has been extensively studied. However, the detailed structure of the portal protein remained unknown. Here we report the structure of the bacteriophage T4 portal assembly, gene product 20 (gp20), determined by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to 3.6 Å resolution. In addition, analysis of a 10 Å resolution cryo-EM map of an empty prolate T4 head s...

The head of bacteriophage T4 is a prolate icosahedron with one unique portal vertex to which the phage tail is attached. The three-dimensional structure of mature bacteriophage T4 head has been determined to 22-A resolution by using cryo-electron microscopy. The T4 capsid has a hexagonal surface lattice characterized by the triangulation numbers T(end) = 13 laevo for the icosahedral caps and T(...

One hundred and eighty euthyroid pregnant women were selected at the end of the first trimester of gestation on the basis of biochemical criteria of excessive thyroid stimulation, defined as supranormal serum thyroglobulin (TG > 20 micrograms/L) associated with a low normal free T4 index (< 1.23) and/or an increased T3/T4 ratio (> 25 x 10(-3)). Women were randomized in a double blind protocol i...