The average particle size and its distribution are undoubtedly major characteristics of a powder, and the average particle size occurs in all correlations related to the powder behaviour in, e.g., packed, moving or fluidized beds, in pneumatic conveying and in dust filtration. When traditional sieving can no longer be used for smaller particles, instrumental techniques, i.e. particle size analy...

A field experiment was conducted to quantify settling velocities, aggregate states, and flocculation within a hopper dredge plume. Particular interest was in determining the abundance of dense, bed aggregates suspended from the consolidated bed during dredging. A suspended sediment plume from the hopper dredge Essayons was sampled for a period of 90 min after dredging. Settling velocities and s...

The Deûle canal is one of the most polluted canals in northern France. It contains large volumes of polluted sediments. These have to be dredged and characterized before deciding about the technology suitable for their treatment. The sediments are thus subjected to a physico-chemical characterization comprising particle size classification and heavy metals sequential extraction studies. The tot...

Autoxidation is a complex abiotic degradation process, and while it has long been known and well studied in biological compounds, it has been widely overlooked in environmental samples and as a part of environmental processes. With recent observations showing the magnitude of the involvement of autoxidation in coastal environments, it has become critical to better understand how and why this de...

Clogging of the leachate collection system (LCS) has been a common operation problem in municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills in China, which can result in high water levels that threaten the safety of landfill operations. To determine the cause of failure in an LCS, raw leachate from a municipal solid waste transfer station was collected and the high content of particulate matter was character...

Some agricultural effluents are unsuitable for discharge into standard sewage-treatment plants: their pretreatment is necessary to avoid clogging of the filtering devices by colloidal matter. The colloidal stability of the effluents is mainly due to mutual repulsive forces that keep charged particles in suspension. Pretreatment processes are based on two separate stages: (a) neutralization of t...

As part of the Western Arctic Shelf–Basin Interactions (SBI) project, the production and fate of organic carbon and nitrogen from the Chukchi and Beaufort Sea shelves were investigated during spring (5 May–15 June) and summer (15 July–25 August) cruises in 2002. Seasonal observations of suspended particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) and large-particle (453mm) size class suggest t...

The distribution of heavy metals in El-Mex Bay located in Northern Egypt was studied. Eight metals (Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn and Fe) were determined in water, Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) and sediments. The Bay presents higher metal concentrations in aqueous Cd, Co and Pb are above the chronic freshwater quality criteria for aquatic life. Most of the dissolved trace metals displayed a n...