In this paper, we performed surveys of bio-inspired techniques for information hiding. The applications of bio-inspired optimization for information hiding or watermarking have emerged in early 2000’s. Due to the flexibility of algorithm designs, parameter selections, and performance metrics, the uses of bio-inspired optimization techniques provide effective solutions for information hiding. Re...

The survey on palmprint and fingerprint has been investigated over many years. Fingerprint is a popular biometric identification technology and studies are still going on in the palmprint identification. But researches based on the multimodal biometric that combines palmprint and fingerprint technology, which will provide better security and robustness comparing to the stand alone model have no...

To be successful in the fiercer and fiercer competitive market, precise marketing researches are the basic and critical element. Formal studies of specific problems and opportunities are necessary for a marketer. Marketing research can help to realize these by market survey, product-preference test, sales forecast, and advertising evaluation, etc. Philip Kotler (2000) defined marketing research...

Real-time systems, which could timely deliver applications various system resources to meet their performance specifications, had been studied for many decades. Based on efficient scheduling algorithms and reasonable admission control policies proposed in fundamental researches, the capabilities in resource management for new-generation operating systems implemented are now very flexible and po...

introduction. in order to improve planning, educational methodology, and evaluation in medical education, well-proportioned, exact and prospective programs are needed. without doubt, the main changes in medical education programs have resulted from researches performed in this area during the last decades. revision of medical education in iran began by the cultural revolution council by order o...