The quantitative measurement of surface roughness of planetary surfaces at all scales provides insights into geological processes. Complementary of the analysis of local topographic data of the Martian surface at kilometer scale, as achieved from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) data, and at the sub-centimeter scale using photometric properties derived from multi-angular observations, a ...

Topographic variations affect the reflectance properties of the Earth’s surface and are often removed in remote sensing studies, especially when significant terrain variations exist. In this study, however, we show that shading effects assessed by Landsat can be treated as a signal that stores important topographic information, especially when the spectral characteristics of a surface are homog...

In this paper, an effective spatial sampling method is preliminary explored to assess the quality of the topographic data. The most novel idea in this study is we think the error as noise in the signal and we hope to direct spatial sampling through realizing this idea. First, we perform a prior partition of the original topographic data on the basis of the different error levels after a rough c...

We present one of the first studies in which interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) are analyzed with regard to the detectability of ocean surface current variations. The InSAR system of SRTM was designed for high-resolution topographic mapping, using two SAR antennas on a Space Shuttle with a cross-track separation of 60 m. For te...

Topography complicates the modeling and retrieval of land surface albedo due to shadow effects and the redistribution of incident radiation. Neglecting topographic effects may lead to a significant bias when estimating land surface albedo over a single slope. However, for rugged terrain, a comprehensive and systematic investigation of topographic effects on land surface albedo is currently ongo...

Quantification of river bedform variability and complexity is important for sediment transport modeling as well as for characterization of river morphology. Alluvial bedforms are shown to exhibit highly nonlinear dynamics across a range of scales, affect local bed roughness, and vary with local hydraulic, hydrologic, and geomorphic properties. This paper examines sediment sorting on the crest a...

Numerous researches have been investigated on the mass transfer phenomena and hydrodynamics for the fluid in the vicinity of the membrane surface by the mathematical modelling and simulation. Due to complexities involved in solving transport phenomena within membranes, the application of CFD simulation study for determining the concentration polarization (CP) profile in the membrane channel is ...

The purpose of this paper is to analyse and quantify the topographic effects on the antenna gain pattern correction of existing spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar systems, namely ERS-1, JERS-1, SIR-C, and X-SAR. Simulations and real SAR data of a test site are used. The corrections are carried out taking into account the local surface topography and compared with the standard method based on a...

Monthly shallow water-table depths can be predicted from climate forcings on a large scale by the combination of a transfer-function noise (TFN) model with a parameter regionalization scheme. To investigate the sensitivity of regionalized transfer-function noise (RTFN) models, simulations with different input series and parameter regionalization methods, combined with topographic external drift...