Based on historical interpretations of the Sūrat al-Fīl, the 105th Meccan Sura of the Qur’an, an epidemic occurred near Mecca circa 570 CE (Common Era), the Year of the Elephant in Islamic history. The five verses of the Sura are thought to be an allegorical description of the “Elephant War epidemic”, so named because invading Axumite (Ethiopian) forces from present-day Yemen included one or mo...

The purpose of this study was to find out the characteristic al-Quran commentary from Ahmad Musthafa al-Maraghi. method used in research is qualitative or library research. results found that based on fifty years experience as an Arabic teacher, al-Maraghi’s written simple expression easily be understood. His book published for first time 1951. Al-Maraghi using analytical tahlili method. explan...

abstract: no doupt that the scientists paid attention to holy quran since coming off the prophet (pbuh ) and the topic that they placed great care is quranic system and its relationship with miracle that peaked when abd _ alghaher al _ jorjani whome drew from all springs which preceded and called for system idea and philosophized it by his logical approach and conscious thought . therefore this...

Secretion of proteins into the membrane-cell wall space is essential for cell wall biosynthesis and pathogenicity in Gram-positive bacteria. Folding and maturation of many secreted proteins depend on a single extracellular foldase, the PrsA protein. PrsA is a 30-kDa protein, lipid anchored to the outer leaflet of the cell membrane. The crystal structure of Bacillus subtilis PrsA reveals a centr...

an error founded on insufficient knowledge can be easily made clear. Passages in the Mahabharata (an epic poetn dealing with events 1200 B.C., but put together about 1,000 years later), I etc., show that drunkenness was common in ancient India; and this may be gathered also from the old Hindu law books, which forbid the use of wine (e.g. Mandva-Dhdrma-Sdstra, xi., 1-46 ff). In the Abhila-Shithd...

there are two viewpoints with regard to verses 16-19 of sura 75. the first is the one which considers them as parenthetical remarks among verses concerning the resurrection which address the holy prophet in this world and when the quranic revelation was sent down. and the second is the one which treats them as being in the line of other verses of the   sura, which address the infidel man in the...

High frequency (HF) radiation from the HAARP and SURA ionospheric heaters transmitted through the underdense ionosphere and received by the WIND satellite show the presence of strong spatial structure in the radiation pattern. A simple model based on the combination of ionospheric irregularities and interference effects has been developed to account for the observations. The analysis demonstrat...

one reading (qara'at) of asr sura, , which is inconsistent with other valid readings, has been attributed to ali (p.b.u.h). because this reading contains additions to the asr sura, its acceptation is not possible. a survey of two chains of traditions about this reading of the asr sura attributed to ali (p.b.u.h) shows that these traditions are of isolated type (khabar vahed). it also shows...

Urinary tract infections are most commonly caused by uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli (UPEC), which invade superficial bladder epithelial cells via a type 1 pilus-dependent mechanism. Inside these epithelial cells, UPEC organisms multiply to high numbers to form intracellular bacterial communities, allowing them to avoid immune detection. Bladder epithelial cells produce interleukin-6 ...