An eyelid closure in response to some stimulus is a blink reflex (BR), which is normally isolated. In humans and primates, the closing is bilateral while in other animals, mostly those with eyes set laterally, the closure is frequently unilateral. In clinical practice, a BR is characteristically provoked by light corneal or eyelash touching or glabellar tapping. The British physician Overrend f...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of painful conditioning stimuli on pain and blink reflexes to supraorbital nerve stimulation. Electromyograph activity was recorded bilaterally from the orbicularis oculi muscles in 13 normal participants in response to low (2.3 mA) and high-intensity (18.6 mA) electrical stimulation of the left supraorbital nerve before, during and after the ...

Forehead osteomas are benign but can pose aesthetic and functional problems. These osteomas are resected via bicoronal or endoscopic approach. However, large osteomas cannot be removed via endoscopic approach, and bicoronal approach can result in damage to the supraorbital nerve with resultant numbness in the forehead. We present a new approach to resection of forehead osteomas, with access pro...

Eight cases of primary optic nerve sheath meningioma were treated between 1980 and 1988. Five were females aged 37-61 years. The other three were two boys, one with neurofibromatosis, and an old male aged 71 years. They were first seen by the ophthalmologist with complaints of unilateral progressive visual loss or proptosis. Although blindness of the affected eye mainly occurred between 1 month...

Trigeminal neuralgia is a well recognized clinical entity. However, it has not been reported to mimic leprosy or vice versa. Of the 3 cases reported here, 2 initially presented with neuralgic symptoms similar to that seen in trigeminal neuralgia and later developed borderline lesions on the face. The 3rd case demonstrated a tingling sensation along with firm and palpable supraorbital nerve (a b...

Objective: This research was aimed at telling the anatomical characteristics of accessory supraorbital foramen (ASOF) in relation to main (SOF), which is necessary clinical situations that require regional surgical procedures.
 Methods: A total dedicated presence and location 72 dry Indian adults unknown age sex were investigated. In each skull, ASOF measured on both sides with a Vernier c...

BACKGROUND We report two patients with chronic postcraniotomy headache who showed rapid alleviation of pain after removal of titanium miniplates. CASE DESCRIPTION (Case 1) A 26-year-old woman underwent a right frontal craniotomy and excision of the entire cerebral cavernous malformation. Eleven years later, she developed headache. The titanium plate was removed and the patient presented compl...

Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headaches with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) syndrome is one of the trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. Headache particularly occurs in the orbital-supraorbital region and lasts for approximately 49 s (1,2). The varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a member of the herpes virus family, and it can remain latent in the trigeminal nerve ganglion and expa...