This paper empirically investigates whether the slowdown in the credit supply of Japanese banks during the early 1990s was caused by the deterioration of their equity capital as suggested by the capital crunch hypothesis. This hypothesis predicts that a decrease in capital will induce banks to restrict their credit supply. Panel data of the major banks shows that the banks with lower capitalras...

[1] A leading hypothesis relating productivity with climate variability in the California Current Ecosystem (CCE) describes an alternation between warmer, well‐stratified periods of low productivity and cooler periods of high productivity. This empirical relationship suggests that productivity will decline with global warming. Here, we explore the response of productivity to future climate chan...

The one-step surgical procedure for dermal substitutes combined with topical negative pressure (TNP) has proven effective for treating deep skin defects with improved graft take. The primary mechanism by which TNP improves autograft take is unknown. Some studies suggest that TNP promotes the rapid angiogenesis of dermal substitutes, improving graft take. However, at the early stage of one-step ...