The new design of the accelerating structures for TESLA, the so-called superstructures composed out of several multicell cavities, is studied. Here a superstructure is composed out of four seven-cell superconducting resonators, e.g. in total 28 coupled cells. A central question is the filling characteristic of the superstructure since each is fed by one coupler only. The filling and the beam lo...

Rotating packed bed (RPB), a novel apparatus involving process intensification (PI), has been successfully used in the chemical industry in recent decades. In this paper, we establish a connection between process integration and process intensification for which we propose a superstructure involving a RPB and a packed bed (PB) in order to determine the optimal integrated design. We describe mod...

We report here a fast-photon-mode reversible handedness inversion of a self-organized helical superstructure (i.e., a cholesteric liquid crystal phase) using photoisomerizable chiral cyclic dopants. The two light-driven cyclic azobenzenophanes with axial chirality show photochemically reversible trans to cis isomerization in solution without undergoing thermal or photoinduced racemization. As c...

Any modern approach to a Marxist theory of culture must begin by considering the proposition of a determining base and a determined superstructure. From a strictly theoretical point of view this is not, in fact, where we might choose to begin.1 It would be in many ways preferable if we could begin from a proposition which originally was equally central, equally authentic: namely the proposition...

In this paper, a systematic methodology has been presented for the optimal integration of the IGCC systems with the exiting refinery infrastructure, the hydrogen network and the utility network. The proposed approach determines the new unit investment scheme for the existing refineries, as well as operational strategies of all the units in order to maximise the annual profit taking into account...

This paper discusses the representation of ontologies in the first-order logical environment FOLE (Kent [10]). An ontology defines the primitives with which to model the knowledge resources for a community of discourse (Gruber [6]). These primitives, consisting of classes, relationships and properties, are represented by the entity-relationshipattribute ERA data model (Chen [2]). An ontology us...

A key aspect of successfully using UML is understanding the semantics of the notations. UML 2 will increase the already substantial collection of notations supported by UML 1.x. At the same time, this will augment the difficulty users experience in understanding semantics. In this paper we propose that while the diverse notations may render concepts differently, the concepts can often be consid...

A new class of observables is introduced which aims to characterize the superstructure of an event, that is, features, such as color flow, which are not determined by the jet four-momenta alone. Traditionally, an event is described as having jets which are independent objects; each jet has some energy, size, and possible substructure such as subjets or heavy flavor content. This description dis...

A new cavity-chain layout has been proposed for the main linac of the TESLA linear collider [1]. This superstructurelayout is based upon four 7-cell superconducting standingwave cavities, coupled by short beam pipes. The main advantages of the superstructure are an increase in the active accelerating length in TESLA and a saving in rf components, especially power couplers, as compared to the pr...

PURPOSE The present study was carried out to identify how gum chewing with and without occlusal support by implant prostheses affects brain function as well as chewing function. METHODS Twenty-four subjects rehabilitated with implant-supported fixed prostheses were evaluated. An electroencephalograph (EEG) (ESA-Pro) and mandibular kinesiograph (Bio PAK(®)) wear used to measure brain function ...