2-ethylhexanal is synthesized directly from crotonaldehyde over a bifunctional acidic resin-supported palladium catalyst via hydrogenation and aldol condensation in supercritical CO2.

Excited-state proton transfer from 5,8-dicyano-2-naphthol to methanol takes place in CO2/methanol mixtures, in the pressure and temperature ranges of supercritical CO2. The efficiency of the proton-transfer step decreases with the pressure. This is assigned to the perturbation of the methanol clusters solvating the naphthol.

Ionic liquids (ILs) are organic salts that have melting points around room temperature. They have received tremendous attention recently due to their low volatility and subsequent potential to reduce air pollution if used as replacements for volatile organic solvents. As a result, they have the potential to be used in a wide variety of chemical processing applications, including as solvents for...

Extraction of ethanol was studied from both synthetic ethanol solution and fermentation broth using supercritical CO2 in an extraction apparatus in ranges of 313 to 333 K and 80 to 160 atmospheres, for varying extraction times. The experimental system consists mainly of four parts: a CO 2 storage system, a high-pressure liquid pump, an extractor and a product collection unit. Samples were analy...

In order to respond to the basic requirements of food and pharmaceutical industries, to reduce or eliminate organic solvent residues in the final products, several extraction techniques were tested from the standpoint of performance, with low energy consumption. The aim of this study was to determine biological activities such as antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of flavonolignans fr...

A new preparative route for vanadium phosphate catalysts is described using supercritical CO2 as an antisolvent. The amorphous microspheroidal VPO produced is shown to be more active than comparable crystalline VPO catalysts for the selective oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride and, furthermore, does not require an extensive pre-treatment or activation period to establish full catalytic a...

In the past decade, supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) has experienced a steady growth in acceptance, particularly in pharmaceutical and chemical laboratories. In SFC, a “supercritical” fluid, most commonly CO2, in combination with one or more polar organic solvents, such as alcohols, is used as mobile phase. Compared to HPLC, SFC offers better selectivity and shorter analysis time due to...

Injection of carbon dioxide in deep saline aquifers is considered as a method of carbon sequestration. The efficiency of this process is dependent on the fluid-fluid and rock-fluid interactions inside the porous media. For instance, the final storage capacity and total amount of capillary-trapped CO2 inside an aquifer are affected by the interfacial tension between the fluids and the contact an...

We investigate the physical processes that occur during the sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in liquid-saturated, brine-bearing geologic formations using the numerical simulator TOUGH2. CO2 is injected in a supercritical state that has a much lower density and viscosity than the liquid brine it displaces. In situ, the supercritical CO2 forms a gas-like phase, and also partially dissolves i...

Drill mud is a fluid which is used in oil extraction industries in order to cool and lubricate the drill bit. Due to containing numerous toxic components, it is considered as a hazardous waste which must be treated before discharging to the environment. Current separation techniques for drill cutting treatment can be categorized into three main categories of physical (dewatering), physiochemica...