Intact chloroplasts of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), and maize (Zea mays L.) mesophyll cells contained 0.33, 0.50, and 0.14% of bound hexosamine on a protein basis, respectively. Undifferentiated maize chloroplasts contained 0.19%. Values for chloroplast lamellae were, respectively, 0.16, 0.18, 0.12, and 0.06% and for envelope membranes they were 1.6, 2.5, 3....

Predicted increase in temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentration will influence the growth of crop plants and phytophagous insects. The present study, conducted at the Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, India, aimed at (1) construction of life tables at six constant temperatures viz., 20, 25, 27, 30, 33, and 35 ± 0.5 °C for Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Noctuidae...

Abiotic variables are crucial for seed germination and seedling development. In the present work, we attempted to determine optimal conditions (temperature, water, density, fungal growth) sunflower development (Helianthus annus L. Larissza). The of seeds was investigated under controlled at eight consistent temperatures: 5 °C, 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 °C. For water test, there were 12 levels based ...

Abstract Clouds play an important role in maintaining the balance environment. Cloudiness can influence numerous ecological drivers, including growth, survival and distribution of plants. The cloud cover dynamics may provide key information for delineating various types plant species distribution. During a year, different clouds on territory plants potential seeding. New properties cloudiness b...

in this paper, the growth and yield of sunflower(helianthus annus l.) in addition to the soil properties are compared and assessed according to three irrigation types. it uses treated municipal wastewater, well water and their equal mixture for irrigation. for this purpose, pot trials are carried out in 4 months having 10 litres volume using completely randomized design with three times replica...