Ž . In this paper, we find that sulfur dioxide SO emissions by electric utilities declined from 2 1985 to 1993 for reasons largely unrelated to the emission reduction mandate of Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. The principal reason appears to be the decline in rail rates for low-sulfur western coal delivered to higher-sulfur coal-fired plants in the Midwest. Consequently, there is...

Gaseous mediators are important signaling molecules with properties that differ from other, larger signaling molecules. Small gaseous mediators readily cross cell membranes and can access sites on target molecules that would be inaccessible to bulkier molecules. They have a variety of signaling mechanisms, some well understood, some not. The family of gasotransmitters is growing, well known mem...

Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) established a market for transferable sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission allowances among electric utilities. This market offers firms facing high marginal abatement costs the opportunity to purchase the right to emit SO2 from firms with lower costs, and is expected to yield cost savings compared to a command and control approach to environmental ...

Management of solid wastes is considered as an economic and environmental issue in the building stone industry. The current study uses raw and calcined calcareous sludge, generated in the stone cutting factories, in order to remove sulfur dioxide. Sludge characterization has been performed, using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-d...

The selective reduction of sulfur dioxide with carbon monoxide to elemental sulfur was studied over ACsupported transition-metal oxide catalysts. According to the study, Fe2O3 /AC was the most active catalyst among the 4 AC-supported catalysts tested. By using Fe2O3 /AC, the best catalyst, when the feed conditions were properly optimized (CO/SO2 molar ratio = 2:1; sulfidation temperature, 400 ◦...

Over the last three decades, ambient concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2) air pollution have declined by approximately 80%. This paper tests whether the 1970 Clean Air Act and its subsequent amendments caused this decline. The centerpiece of this legislation is the annual assignment of all counties to SO2 nonattainment or attainment categories. Polluters face stricter regulations in nonattain...

Management of solid wastes is considered as an economic and environmental issue in the building stone industry. The current study uses raw and calcined calcareous sludge, generated in the stone cutting factories, in order to remove sulfur dioxide. Sludge characterization has been performed, using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-d...

The objective of this study is to determine the occupant/driver exposure in public transport buses running on biodiesel (B20) and ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) buses in the city of Toledo, Ohio. This paper also presents a protocol used for carrying out an experimental study involving continuous monitoring of real-time in-vehicle pollutant concentrations. In-vehicle concentrations of six air po...

A new partial differential model for monitoring and detecting copper corrosionproducts (mainly brochantite and cuprite) is proposed to provide predictive tools suitable for describing the evolution of damage induced on bronze specimens by sulfur dioxide (SO2) pollution. This model is characterized by the movement of a double free boundary. Numerical simulations show a nice agreement with experi...