Recently, electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) with high capacitance [1] has been proposed as a sub-power source for a pure electric vehicle (PEV) or a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) because power density of EDLC is high enough to use as the power source at start-up of the electric vehicles. However, since energy density of EDLC is quite lower than that of rechargeable batteries, the double la...

Nitrogen is added to porous carbon, in both the bulk network as heteroatoms and coatedon the surface of the pores, to increase the capacitance of electrodes for supercapacitor applications. Surface modification increases the amount of nitrogen by four times when compared to unmodified carbon that only contains nitrogen in the bulk. Pyrolysis of themodified carbon at a lower temperature also ret...

Current applications of carbon-based supercapacitors are limited by their low energy density. One promising strategy to enhance the energy density is to couple metal oxides with carbon materials. In this study, a porous MnCo2O4.5 nanoneedle/carbon aerogel hybrid nanostructure was synthesized by assembling MnCo2O4.5 nanoneedle arrays on the surface of channel walls of hierarchical porous carbon ...

Carbon nanotube (CNT) and graphene-based sponges and aerogels have an isotropic porous structure and their mechanical strength and stability are relatively lower. Here, we present a junction-welding approach to fabricate porous CNT solids in which all CNTs are coated and welded in situ by an amorphous carbon layer, forming an integral three-dimensional scaffold with fixed joints. The resulting ...

PolyHIPEs are emulsion-templated polymers synthesized within high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs). The miscibility of acrylonitrile (AN) with water has made it difficult to synthesize PAN-based polyHIPEs. This paper describes the successful synthesis of PAN-based polyHIPEs by crosslinking through copolymerization with divinylbenzene (DVB), by stabilization with a polyglycerol polyricinoleate s...

We report a new type of carbon material-porous colossal carbon tubes. Compared with carbon nanotubes, colossal carbon tubes have a much bigger size, with a diameter of between 40 and 100 mum and a length in the range of centimeters. Significantly, the walls of the colossal tubes are composed of macroscopic rectangular columnar pores and exhibit an ultralow density comparable to that of carbon n...

Carbon materials have been used in a wide range of applications, for instance, as electrodes, electrocatalysts, or electrocatalyst supports in energy-storage and -conversion devices, because of low costs, high electrical conductivity, chemical inertness, and thermal stability. Among the various carbon materials, nitrogen-doped carbon is of particular interest because it exhibits excellent elect...

Gold nanoparticles encapsulated in porous carbon spheres with high surface areas (~800 m(2) g(-1)) have been synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP). The porous carbon-encapsulated gold nanoparticles exhibit excellent catalytic activity toward the reductions of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic nitroaromatics.

Novel nitrogen-doped carbon hybrid materials consisting of multiwalled nanotubes and porous graphitic layers have been produced by chemical vapor deposition over magnesium-oxide-supported metal catalysts. CN x nanotubes were grown on Co/Mo, Ni/Mo, or Fe/Mo alloy nanoparticles, and MgO grains served as a template for the porous carbon. The simultaneous formation of morphologically different carb...