The study aims to extend the range of resources from which ethanol may be made from sugar cane bagasse which is used primarily for preparation of pulp and paper. Seven fungal strains isolated from sediment and degraded wood of pulp and paper mill effluent in which one strain identified by 18S rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) as Cryptococcus albidus had higher decolourization and delignifi...

Sugar Factory effluent is one of the most important moderate – high pollution concentration wastewater, which is generated mainly from the mill house washing activities of the sugar factory. The effluent is rich in organic matter resultant from the sugarcane juice, sugar syrup and sugar present in the washwater. The COD of this effluent is variable from 5000 – 10000 mg/L. The aim of the present...

Pulp and paper mill effluent is highly polluting and is a subject of great environmental concern. In the present research we studied the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour from paper mill effluent, using the coagulation process. A batch coagulation study was conducted using various coagulants such as aluminium chloride (AlCl3), polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and copper sulphate (C...

Electro-oxidation reactions using a nickel anode were carried out on the calcium-spent liquor effluent obtained from Sappi Saiccor (formerly South African Industrial Cellulose Corporation) dissolving pulp mill as well as on ligninand lignan-type compounds previously identified in the effluent. Voltammograms were obtained for each solution in order to identify the oxidation potentials of the com...

The rising global demand for palm oil and its associated products has led to increased numbers of palm oil refineries with its attendant effluent discharge. Many researches have confirmed the ecological disruptive potentiality of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME), still further attention has to be directed at POME’s potential genotoxicity. The present study has made physico-chemical and genotoxicit...

The rising global demand for palm oil and its associated products has led to increased numbers of palm oil refineries with its attendant effluent discharge. Many researches have confirmed the ecological disruptive potentiality of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME), still further attention has to be directed at POME’s potential genotoxicity. The present study has made physico-chemical and genotoxicit...

Rejects from sulfite pulp mill that otherwise would be disposed of by incineration were converted to ethanol by a combined physical-biological process that was comprised of physical refining and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). The energy efficiency was evaluated with comparison to thermochemically pretreated biomass, such as those pretreated by dilute acid (DA) and sulfite...

Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) are chemicals that negatively impact endocrine system function, with effluent from paper mills one example of this class of chemicals. In Florida, female Eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) have been observed with male secondary sexual characteristics at three paper mill-impacted sites, indicative of EDC exposure, and are still found at one site on th...

Textile effluent is one of the known sources of pollution, which usually contain several chemicals, which contaminate the receiving water. This study was conducted to understand the ability of Bacillus sp., and Pseudomonas sp., on decolourization and normalization of other physicochemical parameters, such as odour, temperature, pH, total solids, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, t...

In the present study sequential anaerobic and aerobic treatment in two step bioreactor was performed for removal of colour in the pulp and paper mill effluent. In anaerobic treatment, colour 50%, lignin 62%, COD 29%, absordable organic halides (AOX) 25% and phenol 29% were reduced in eight days. The anaerobically treated effluent was separately applied in bioreactor in presence of fungal strain...