Neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution has been used to investigate the liquid structures of propylene carbonate and glycerol carbonate. C-HO[double bond, length as m-dash]C hydrogen-bonding motifs dominate the local structure of propylene carbonate, giving rise to the formation of head-to-tail correlated chains of molecules. In contrast, glycerol carbonate exhibits a more disordered st...

Our previous research has demonstrated that dissolved organic matter (DOM) influences calcium carbonate mineral formation in surface and ground water. To better understand DOM mediation of carbonate precipitation and DOM co-precipitation and/or incorporation with carbonate minerals, we characterized the content and speciation of DOM in carbonate minerals and in the lake water of Pyramid Lake, N...

The complexation of Cm(III) with transferrin is investigated in the pH range from 3.5 to 11.0 in the absence of carbonate and at c(carbonate)tot = 25 mM. In the absence of carbonate two Cm(III) transferrin species I and II are formed depending on pH. An increase of the total carbonate concentration favors the formation of the Cm(III) transferrin species II with Cm(III) bound at the Fe(III) bind...

9 We report oxygen and carbon isotope results of bulk and detrital carbonate grains 10 from the last glaciation at IODP Site U1308 (re-occupation of DSDP Site 609). Oxygen 11 isotopic values of individual detrital carbonate grains from Heinrich events average 12 -5.4‰±1.3‰, presumably reflecting values of limestone and dolomite derived from 13 lower Paleozoic basins in northern Canada and north...

Conversion of glycerol from biodiesel production to glycerol carbonate was studied by esterification with dimethyl carbonate in a non-catalytic supercritical condition. It was found that in a non-catalytic supercritical condition, glycerol at higher purity gave higher yield of glycerol carbonate at 98 wt% after reaction at 300 °C/20-40 MPa/15 min. The yield of glycerol carbonate was observed to...

BACKGROUND Sevelamer carbonate is an improved, buffered form of sevelamer hydrochloride developed for the treatment of hyperphosphataemia in CKD patients. Sevelamer carbonate formulated as a powder for oral suspension presents a novel, patient-friendly alternative to tablet phosphate binders. This study compared the safety and efficacy of sevelamer carbonate powder with sevelamer hydrochloride ...

Authigenic carbonate was recently invoked as a third major global carbon sink in addition to primary marine carbonate and organic carbon. Distinguishing the two carbonate sinks is fundamental to our understanding of Earth's carbon cycle and its role in regulating the evolution of atmospheric oxygen. Here, using microscale geochemical measurements of carbonates in Early Triassic strata, we show ...

Carbonate sediments have been deposited in oceans and seas from the Proterozoic up to the present day. Their palaeogeographic distribution, extent and composition changed substantially through time. Recent carbonate platforms are closely linked with reef constructions, but, during the past, non-reefal carbonate production played an important role in the periods of the depressed reef-growth (KIE...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Increased inflammation and oxidative stress may be caused by proteins and lipids modified by cytotoxic advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in food. Restricting food containing elevated AGEs improves these risk factors in diabetic CKD. Because diet adherence can be problematic, this study aimed to remove cytotoxic AGEs from food already ingested and to determine whet...