The substitution of ligands in octahedral metal complexes is the most extensively mechanistically studied inorganic reaction. It is of fundamental importance, and a number of important observations and results are found. Substitution in octahedral systems was initially studied for classical coordination complexes in aqueous solutions. More recently some important observations have been made reg...

An efficient synthesis of 2-heteroarylazulene derivatives was established via electrophilic substitution. The reaction of 6-dimethylamino-1,3-di(methylthio)azulene (1a) with the triflate of N-containing heteroarenes proceeded in the presence of excess heteroarenes to afford the corresponding 2-dihydroheteroarylazulene derivatives 3−7. The 2-dihydroheteroarylazulene derivatives were readily conv...

In vitro chloroplast import reactions and thylakoid association reactions have been performed with a series of C-terminal deletions and Cys-to-Ser substitution mutants of the pea NADPH:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (POR; EC 1.6.99). C-terminal deletions of the precursor POR (Delta362-400, Delta338-400, Delta315-400 and Delta300-400) were efficiently translocated across the chloroplast enve...

The kinetics and mechanisms of the substitution reactions of trans-[Co(en)2CNCl]+ with unidentate anions,  , CN¯, I¯,  , Br¯ and SCN¯ in 60% v/v DMF-H2O binary solvent at 40.0±0.2 °C were studied spectrophotometrically. An Id mechanism was assigned for the replacement of chlorine by , CN¯ and I¯, an Ia one for...

Approaches for the synthesis of macrocyclic bisindolylmaleimides, in which the indole nitrogens are linked with a tether, are described. Two alternative approaches were investigated: macrocyclisation in either the 'southern' (by adding the tether to the bisindolylmaleimide ring system) or the 'northern' district. With two-, three- and four-atom tethers, both of these approaches were unsuccessfu...