Objective. It has been testified that iodine regulates thyroid function by controlling thyroid-restricted genes expression and is closely related to diffuse goiter and thyroid dysfunction. However, the effects of follicular lumen iodine, the main form of iodine reserve in the body, on thyroid-restricted genes in nodular goiter are poorly understood. In this study, correlations between follicula...

Critically ill patients are intubated or tracheostomized because, in most cases, these individuals require invasive mechanical ventilation. The cannulae that are used include the cuff, which can act as a reservoir for oropharyngeal secretions, predisposing to ventilator-associated pneumonia. Studies have revealed that the suction of subglottic secretions through the dorsal suction lumen above t...

backgrounds: iodine deficiency disorder is a major public health problem in areas where there is a lack of iodine in drinking water, soil, and food. this study was carried out to assess the prevalence of goiter among school children in the age group of 6-10 years in khorramabad city. also, the level of urine iodine was evaluated.   methods: the study was conducted from january 2012 to january 2...

An 18-yr-old man with insulin-dependent diabetes developed severe subglottic stenosis after a very brief period of intubation. Emergency tracheostomy was complicated by the development of bilateral pneumothoraces. This case highlights the importance of making an early diagnosis to minimize the risk of complications and examines postintubation subglottic stenosis in the context of poorly control...

the study was conducted to determine the prevalence of goiter and hypothyroidism in two groups of the population at various stages of social development and to determine its association with malnutrition and dietary intake. aboriginal inhabitants (orang asli), a resettlement rural village (betau post), a traditional village in the jungle (lanai post) and a modern village settlement near kuala l...

background : iodine deficiency produces the spectrum of iodine deficiency disorders (idds) including endemic goiter, hypothyroidism, cretinism and congenital anomalies. other factors, including goitrogens and micronutrient deficiencies may influence the prevalence and severity of idds and response to iodine supplementation. an ssociation between zinc and goiter has previously been reported. met...

SUMMARY Different degrees of neurological and psychological problems are observed in endemic goiter inhabitants. To determine the effect of iodine deficiency on IQ, we checked the IQ and size of the thyroid of 194 students of an endemic goiter area and compared with that of 224 students of a non-endemic goiter area in Kohkiloyeh & Boyer Ahmad province. The average IQ of students in endemic goi...

Substernal goiter is usually defined as a goiter in which the thyroid mass has descended the plane of the thoracic inlet or if more than 50% of the thyroid mass is located below the thoracic inlet. Substernal goiters may be asymptomatic or may present with symptoms caused by compression of adjacent organs. Acute respiratory failure is rare in cases of substernal goiter. In cases of symptomatic ...

BACKGROUND Formulas based on age and height often fail to reliably predict the proper endotracheal tube (ETT) size in pediatric patients. We, thus, tested the hypothesis that subglottic diameter, as determined by ultrasonography, better predicts optimal ETT size than existing methods. METHODS A total of 192 patients, aged 1 month to 6 yr, who were scheduled for surgery and undergoing general ...

OBJECTIVE To explore both the early prediction and diagnosis of dysphagia in preterm infants as an important developmental aspect as well as the prevention of respiratory complications, we developed the simple and-easy-to-apply Dysphagia Screening Test for Preterm Infants (DST-PI) to predict supraglottic penetration and subglottic aspiration. METHODS Fifty-two infants were enrolled in a video...