As a model, we used struggling induced by a repetitive stimulation of the tail or abdomen and two types of pseudoaffective responses were evoked in rats. The effects of narcotic and non-narcotic analgesics on these responses were alternately assessed. Narcotics were markedly effective in inhibiting struggling elicited by tail stimulation and slightly less effective in suppressing the abdominal ...

In this paper, we present Gardner’s conception of the ethical mind; make the case for adolescence as an important period for fostering the development of the ethical mind; and present obstacles that can thwart this development. We conclude with recommendations to parents and educators working with gifted adolescents that can be useful in surpassing these obstacles. Specifically, we suggest that...

Alan Turing proposed an interactive test to replace the question \Can machines think?" This test has become known as the Turing Test and its validity for determining intelligence or thinking is still in question. Struggling with the validity of long proofs, program correctness, computational complexity and cryptography, theoreticians developed interactive proof systems. By formalizing the Turin...

In this study, we explored the potential of two forms of discussion (disciplinary vs. traditional) for 39 sixth- and seventh-grade students with or at risk for learning disabilities (LD), before writing historical arguments. Nine teachers who led small group discussions in six heterogeneous social studies classrooms implemented the intervention. Students who were involved in disciplinary discus...

Since amartya Sen published his pathbreaking research on the “missing women” of asia two decades ago (Sen 1989, 1990), the distorted sex ratio at birth and consequent masculinization of asian societies have become a growing focus of scholarly and media attention. across east, South, and even west asia, the masculinization of sex ratios has been proceeding at a pace unprecedented in recorded his...

During the past two weeks I have been struggling with a response to this question and my mind has been spinning around and within multiple understandings of “postmodern” and “critical” approaches to curriculum studies. As I now begin to articulate my scattered ideas, charted and mounted on the walls around me, I realize that I have prepared myself for a much larger project than what has been as...

Introduction According to recent estimates, 75% of all currently published scholarly journals are now available online. The remaining 25% are expected to follow shortly [1,2], driven by user demand and the estimated 16% additional margin that accrues to publishers on electronic-only titles [3]. The rapid growth in popularity and availability of e-journals has left libraries struggling to adapt ...