Some researchers have long been interested in reconstructing natural insects into steerable robots or vehicles. However, until recently, these so-called cyborg insects, biobots, or living machines existed only in science fiction. Owing to recent advances in nano/micro manufacturing, data processing, and anatomical and physiological biology, we can now stimulate living insects to induce user-des...

Therapeutic effects of functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling for persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) are limited by high rates of muscular fatigue. FES-cycling performance limits and surface mechanomyography (MMG) of 12 persons with SCI were compared under two different stimulation protocols of the quadriceps muscles. One strategy used the standard "co-activation" protocol from the ...

Abstract Progressive primary aphasia (PPA) designates a group of neurodegenerative diseases affecting language processing for which no pharmacologically effective treatment exists. PPA presents in three different variants with distinct and brain damage areas: logopenic PPA, non-fluent/agrammatic semantic (PPA-sv). We here present an interim analysis sham-controlled randomized double-blind proto...

BACKGROUND Conventional programmed ventricular stimulation protocols are inefficient compared with more recently proposed protocols. The purpose of the present study was to determine if additional efficiency could be derived from a 6-step programmed ventricular stimulation protocol that exclusively uses four extrastimuli. METHODS AND RESULTS The subjects were 209 consecutive patients with cor...

Research suggests that the combination of different non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, such as intermittent theta-burst (iTBS) and transcranial direct current (tDCS), could enhance effects stimulation. Studies investigating tDCS iTBS over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) are lacking. In this within-subjects study, we evaluated additive with on psychophysiological measures stress. ...

Abstract There is evidence that high-frequency transcranial random noise stimulation (hf-tRNS) effective in improving behavioural performance several visual tasks. However, so far there has been limited research into the spatial and temporal characteristics of hf-tRNS-induced facilitatory effects. In present study, electroencephalogram (EEG) was used to investigate dynamics cortical activity mo...

background: gnrh agonist and antagonist were developed to control the premature release of lh surge. there is some difference between two protocols. objective: we compared the outcome of frozen-thawed embryo transfer in infertile women who used gnrh agonist or antagonist protocol for previous coh cycle and evaluation of any adverse effect of gnrh antagonist on oocyte and embryo. materials and m...