A simple complexometric method for stepwise determination of lanthanum, strontium and manganese in Lanthanum-Strontium-Manganate (LSM) has been worked out. The method involves joint titration of the elements with EDTA at pH 10.0 followed by selective precipitation of strontium as sulphate from a homogenous solution involving displacement reaction between EDTA complex of strontium and ZnSO4. The...

Ligand exchange of hydrated metal complexes is common in chemical and biological systems. Using the ultrafast T-jump, we examined this process, specifically the transformation of aqua cobalt (II) complexes to their fully halogenated species. The results reveal a stepwise mechanism with time scales varying from hundreds of picoseconds to nanoseconds. The dynamics are significantly faster when th...

The interaction of 3,3-bis(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)propionate (BIMP) with dimethyltin(IV) dichloride (DMT), dibutyltin(IV) dichloride (DBT), and diphenyltin(IV) dichloride (DPT) is investigated at 25°C and 0.1 M ionic strength in water for dimethyltin(IV), and in a 50% dioxane-water mixture for dibutyltin(IV) and diphenyltin(IV). The stepwise formation constants of the 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 complexes f...

We have analyzed the movement of single 22S dynein molecules from Tetrahymena cilia by using a nanometer measuring system equipped with optical tweezers. Statistical analysis proved that a single molecule of 22S dynein can move processively and develop force at low concentrations of ATP (<20 microM). The maximum force was approximately 4.7 pN, and the force-velocity curve was convex down. Durin...

Background and Purpose. Kinematic motion analysis has helped to characterize poststroke reaching strategies with the hemiparetic arm. However, the relationships between reaching strategy and performance on common functional outcome measures remain unclear. Methods. Thirty-five participants were tested for motor performance and motor impairment using the Wolf Motor Function Test (time and functi...

Industry is looking to create a market in reliable “plug-and-play” components. To model components in a modular style it would be useful to combine event-based and state-based reasoning. One of the first steps in building an event-based model is to decide upon a set of atomic actions. This choice will depend on the formalism used, and may restrict in quite unexpected ways what we are able to fo...

This paper starts by setting the ground for a lambda calculus notation that strongly mirrors the two fundamental operations of term construction, namely abstraction and application. In particular, we single out those parts of a term, called items in the paper, that are added during abstraction and application. This item notation proves to be a powerful device for the representation of basic sub...

Despite their ubiquitous usage and increasing societal dependence on Li-ion batteries, there remains a lack of detailed empirical evidence Li intercalation/deintercalation into graphite even though this process dictates the performance, longevity, safety system. Here, we report direct detection dissociation specific crystallographic phases in lithiated graphite, which form through stepwise stag...