Change in the socio-economic status of urban neighbourhoods is a complex phenomenon with multiple space, time, and attribute dimensions. The objective of this research was to explore the use of a SelfOrganizing Map (SOM) to visualize patterns of urban social change. In a case study, we collected, organized, and joined data from the 1996, 2001, and 2006 Canadian Census for the City of Toronto. U...

different decisions, including location decisions of companies which are operating in international dynamic environment are subject to significant uncertainty.so in this research an international facility location problem under uncertainty is considered and an integrated model for strategic and operational planning is presented. in strategic level countries are assessed according to internation...

The Supply Chain is considered a necessity for the success of organizations seeking the most economic, environmental and social impacts. In addition, the implementation and suitable execution of this supply chain seems to be necessary. Considering the importance of the social impacts of this supply chain, a fuzzy multi-objective mathematical model is provided such that, in addition to consideri...

From a system thinking perspective, competition/cooperation boundaries govern the evolution of a firm’s adaptive strategic behaviour and drive it towards its desired objectives. By analyzing different scenarios using a system dynamic simulation approach and considering market competitive dynamics, this study explores the volume flexibility measure considering both the operating environment and ...

We develop a high-level ASM specification for the Condor system that provides powerful methods and tools for managing knowledge represented by conditionals. Thereby, we are able to elaborate crucial interdependencies between different aspects of knowledge representation, knowledge discovery, and belief revision. Moreover, this specification provides the basis for a stepwise refinement developme...

Management decisions relating to river basins are difficult due to the complex interaction of biophysical, economic and social variables. Moreover, conflicting objectives of different stakeholders have to be considered. Lack of adequate information to determine water allocations, environmental flow requirements and the increasing intensity of cropping systems require a better seasonal distribut...

Data refinement in a state-based language such as Z is defined using a relational model in terms of the behaviour of abstract programs. Downward and upward simulation conditions form a sound and jointly complete methodology to verify relational data refinements, which can be checked on an event-byevent basis rather than per trace. In models of concurrency, refinement is often defined in terms o...