*Correspondence: [email protected] 1School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia Full list of author information is available at the end of the article Abstract The estimates for the second Hankel determinant a2a4 – a3 of the analytic function f (z) = z + a2z + a3z + · · · , for which either zf ′(z)/f (z) or 1 + zf ′′(z)/f ′(z) is subordinate to a certai...