Anabolic androgenic steroids are related to the male sex hormones and are abused in equine sports. In an effort to deter the abuse of anabolic steroids, a sensitive LC-MS/MS method was developed for detection, quantification and confirmation of eight major anabolic steroids (testosterone, normethandrolone, nandrolone, boldenone, methandrostenolone, tetrahydrogestrinone (THG), trenbolone, and st...

Photocatalytic hydrogen atom transfer is a very powerful strategy for the regioselective C(sp3)–H functionalization of organic molecules. Herein, we report on unprecedented combination decatungstate photocatalysis with oxidative radical–polar crossover concept to access direct net-oxidative heteroarylation. The present methodology demonstrates high functional group tolerance (40 examples) and s...

Introduction: Consumption of anabolic steroids causes damage to various tissues, including the heart. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training (RT) on malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) in the heart tissue of rats exposed to stanozolol (S). Methods: In this experimental study, 18 rats with mean age of 8 weeks and weight range of 150 to 200 g were ...

The occurrence and fate of fourteen androgens, four estrogens, five glucocorticoids and five progestagens were investigated in two different types of wastewater treatment plants (Plant A: activated sludge with chlorination, and Plant B: oxidation ditch with UV) of Guangdong province, China. 14, 14, and 10 of 28 target compounds were detected in the influent, effluent and dewatered sludge sample...