background and purpose: medical education programs' success depends on the efficiency and adequacy of clinical experiences, one of the most important factors recognized in this field is learning atmosphere and environment. professor’s features, students' learning experiences and characteristics of the program implementation environment are of those cases that vary in different universities. one...

The establishment of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) was a turning point for high‐standard postgraduate training in various medical disciplines in the country. The institute attracted many leading teachers and clinicians for its faculty from medical colleges in India and abroad. There was a congenial atmosphere to excel in all aspects of medical education, clinical services,...

A simplified equation to estimate spatial reference evapotranspiration (ETo_Ts) from remote sensing-based surface temperature (Ts) and local standard meteorological data is suggested. It is based on a parameterization of the meteorological conditions of the first few meters of the atmosphere through two parameters (a and b) which come from a simpler form of the Penman–Monteith equation:

One-pot N-arylation and oxidative coupling can be promoted by a common palladium catalyst in the presence of appropriate additives: palladium-catalyzed N-arylation of anilines with aryl triflates under the standard conditions followed by addition of acetic acid under oxygen or air atmosphere afforded various types of functionalized carbazoles in good to excellent yields.

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We present a new technique for measuring refractive index changes using the technique of phase-shift keying of holographic gratings. Based on this technique, we have realized an holographic interferometer to gauge refractive index variations in gases. We present experimental data for standard atmosphere under laboratory conditions and theoretical calculations for the measured transfer function ...

In global navigation satellite system precise positioning, double differencing of the observations is the common approach that allows for significant reduction of correlated atmospheric effects. However, with growing distance between the receivers, tropospheric errors decorrelate causing large residual errors affecting the carrier phase ambiguity resolution and positioning quality. This is espe...

A comprehensive one-dimensional photochemical model extending from the middle atmosphere (50 km) to the exobase (432 km) has been used to study the escape of hydrogen and deuterium from the Earth's atmosphere. The model incorporates recent advances in chemical kinetics as well as atmospheric observations by satellites, especially the Atmosphere Explorer C satellite. The results suggest: (1) ...

This paper presents the major characteristics of the Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL) coupled ocean– atmosphere general circulation model. The model components and the coupling methodology are described, as well as the main characteristics of the climatology and interannual variability. The model results of the standard version used for IPCC climate projections, and for intercomparison proj...

We re-analyzed X-ray data collected with the ROSAT and ASCA observatories on a candidate neutron star (NS) near the center of the supernova remnant PKS 1209–52. We fitted the observed spectra with NS atmosphere models. The hydrogen atmosphere fits yield more realistic parameters of the NS and the intervening hydrogen column than the traditional blackbody fit. In particular, for a NS of mass 1.4...