Bio-synthesised silver nanoparticles are effective in controlling several micro-organisms. They correspondingly environmentally friendly, affordable, and easy to synthesise when compared with chemically synthesised nanoparticles. This study investigated the efficacy of biosynthesized against fungus Sporisorium scitamineum, causal agent sugarcane smut. The reduction nitrate upon mixing plants&rs...

The constitution and regulation of effector repertoires shape host–microbe interactions. Ustilago maydis Sporisorium reilianum are two closely related smut fungi, which both infect maize but cause distinct disease symptoms. Understanding how orthologs regulated in these pathogens can therefore provide insights into the evolution different infection strategies. We tracked progress U. S. leaves u...