We study time dependence of exchange symmetry properties of Bell states when two-qubits interact with local baths having identical parameters. In case of classical noise, we consider a decoherence Hamiltonian which is invariant under swapping the first and second qubits. We find that as the system evolves in time, two of the three symmetric Bell states preserve their qubit exchange symmetry wit...

We discuss a model, in which the negative mass square needed in the Higgs mechanism is generated by mixing with a heavy scalar. We have two scalar doublets in the standard model. Phenomenological properties of the heavy new scalar are discussed. The heavy scalar can be detected by the LHC. In the Standard Model (SM) the masses of the Wand Z-bosons and of the fermions (leptons and quarks) are in...

Spontaneous symmetry breaking is one of the most important concepts in quantum field theory. The distinction between spontaneous and explicit symmetry breaking is that, with spontaneous symmetry breaking the Lagrangian is invariant under the symmetry, but the ground state of the theory is not. With explicit symmetry breaking, there was never an exact symmetry to begin with. One usually associat...

Although sonoluminescence was discovered in 1933, sofar the phenomenon has not been properly explained. In this paper we interpret this phenonmenon as spontaneous symmetry breaking. First, the single bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) is considered. The mechanism here has been confirmed to be broken spherical symmetry by the work of D F Gaitan et al and Dam J S et al. In this paper we extend this t...

We present a mathematically simple procedure to explain spontaneous symmetry breaking in quantum systems. The procedure is applicable to a wide range of models and can be easily used to explain the existence of a symmetry broken state in crystals, antiferromagnets, and even superconductors. It has the advantage that it automatically brings to the fore the main players in spontaneous symmetry br...

It has been conjectured that spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in strongly coupled vectorlike gauge theories falls into only three different classes, depending on the gauge group and the representations carried by the fermions. We test this proposal by studying SU(2), SU(3) and SU(4) lattice gauge theories with staggered fermions in different irreducible representations. Staggered fermions a...

Understanding spontaneous symmetry breaking is essential to understanding characteristic phenomena of solid-state physics, condensed matter physics, elementary particle physics, and cosmology. I will forego the details of physical applications in order to concentrate on the implications of spontaneous symmetry breaking for general issues concerning laws and symmetries and for the foundations of...

After recalling briefly the connection between spontaneous symmetry breaking and off-diagonal long range order for models of magnets a general proof of spontaneous breaking of gauge symmetry as a consequence of Bose-Einstein Condensation is presented. The proof is based on a rigorous validation of Bogoliubov’s c-number substitution for the k = 0 mode operator a0.

We extend a result by Ojima on spontaneous symmetry breaking of Lorentz boosts in thermal (KMS) states and show that it is in fact a special case in a more general class of examples of spontaneous symmetry breaking of Lorentz symmetry in relativistic many-body systems. Furthermore we analyse the nature of the corresponding Goldstone phenomenon and the type of Goldstone excitations (provided the...