Chemokine C-X-C motif receptor 3 (CXCR3) is a chemokine receptor that is mainly expressed by activated T lymphocytes. T cells play important roles in allergic pulmonary inflammation, which is a hallmark of asthma and elicits the localized accumulation of activated T cells in the lung. In China, a marked increase in the incidence rate of chronic allergic pulmonary inflammation has made it a majo...

Methods CAFs were isolated by explants culture of tumour tissue. The Fibroblast activated protein-alpha( FAP-a)-positive fibroblasts were co-cultured with splenocytes where the splenocyte proliferation and production of inflammatory and regulatory cytokines were assessed by ELISA. Also the inflammatory enzymes iNOS and the production of matrix metaloproteinases 2 and 9 by these cells were evalu...

OBJECTIVES Siberian hamsters are photoperiodic animals exhibiting seasonality of reproduction and other physiological functions. Thus, the influence of photoperiod on the in vitro activity of selected immune cells from male and female hamsters challenged with peritoneal inflammation was examined. METHODS Animals were housed for 8-10 weeks in LD (L:D=18:6) or SD (L:D=6:18). Peritoneal leukocyt...

Kahlke, Volker, Martin K. Angele, Martin G. Schwacha, Alfred Ayala, William G. Cioffi, Kirby I. Bland, and Irshad H. Chaudry. Reversal of sexual dimorphism in splenic T lymphocyte responses after traumahemorrhage with aging. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 278: C509–C516, 2000.—Previous studies have demonstrated that hemorrhagic shock produces immunodepression in young male mice, whereas the immu...

BACKGROUND Chronic stress, mediated by adrenal hormones, is a major risk factor in the progression and outcome of human disease. While the secretion of adrenal hormones is known to be the primary endocrine mediator of stress-induced immunocompromise, the molecular mechanisms underlying the immunocompromise remain unspecified. Overproduction of the nuclear enzyme, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (P...

Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) rely on photoperiod to coordinate seasonally appropriate changes in physiology, including immune function. Immunity is regulated, in part, by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), although the precise role of the SNS in regulating photoperiodic changes in immunity remains unspecified. The goal of the present study was to examine the contributions of norepin...

Present study was designed to examine daily and seasonal variability in the innate immune responses of splenocytes in the fresh water snake, Natrix piscator. Animals were mildly anesthetized and spleen was aseptically isolated and processed for macrophage phagocytosis, NBT reduction, nitrite production, splenocyte proliferation and serum lysozyme activity. Samples were collected at seven time p...

Group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins A, B, and C (also known as scarlet fever toxins and erythrogenic toxins) were evaluated for relatedness to another streptococcus-derived lymphocyte mitogen, blastogen A. Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A and blastogen A were immunologically cross-reactive and shared the same molecular weight, N-terminal amino acid sequence, and capacity to stimulate ra...