To date, no gene expression comparisons have been conducted between highly salt tolerant halophytes and related glycophytes. Therefore, I investigated the effects of salinity on ion accumulation and expression of candidate salt tolerance genes in the highly tolerant salt accumulating halophyte Salicornia dolichostachya and the taxonomically related glycophytic Spinacia oleracea. S. dolichostach...

Suspension cultures were incubated in the presence and absence of gibberellic acid (GA(3)) in an attempt to define a new experimental system for study of the molecular action of gibberellins upon growth. Unlike many suspension cultures, an auxin-independent green clone from spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and an auxin-dependent line of "Paul's Scarlet" rose (Rosa sp.) were promoted in expansion ...

Two types of red pigment, anthocyanins and betacyanins, never occur together in the same plant. Although anthocyanins are widely distributed in higher plants as flower and fruit pigments, betacyanins have replaced anthocyanins in the Caryophyllales. We isolated cDNAs encoding dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), which is the first enzyme committed to anthocyanin biosynthesis in the flavonoid path...

Activity ratios and carbamylation ratios of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase) were determined for leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris and Spinacia oleracea exposed to a variety of partial pressures of CO(2) and O(2) and photon flux densities (PFD). It was found that activity ratios accurately predicted carbamylation ratios except in extracts from leaves held in low PFD. In particular, i...

The present study is an attempt to investigate the radioprotective efficacy of spinach against radiation induced oxidative stress, since its leaves are rich in antioxidants like carotenoids (beta-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin) and high content of proteins, minerals, vitamin C. For the experimental study, healthy Swiss mice were selected from an inbred colony and divided into four groups. Grou...

Results of cytochemical studies (Sagan and Scher, 1961 ; Ris and Plaut, 1962 ; Kislev et al ., 1965) and of studies involving cell fractionation and buoyant density analyses (Sager and Ishida, 1963 ; Ray and Hanawalt, 1964 ; Brawerman and Eisenstadt, 1964 ; Edelman et al ., 1964 ; Wells and Birnstiel, 1969) have shown that chloroplasts of microorganisms and of higher plants contain DNA which is...