With the development of deregulated power systems and increase of prices in some hours of day and increase fuel price, demand response programs were noticed more by customers. demand response consists of a series of activities that governments or utilities design to change the amount or time of electric energy consumption, to achieve better social welfare or some times for maximizing the benefi...

The mechanisms of agonist-induced Ca 2 1 spikes have been investigated using a caged inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP 3 ) and a low-affinity Ca 2 1 indicator, BTC, in pancreatic acinar cells. Rapid photolysis of caged IP 3 was able to reproduce acetylcholine (ACh)induced three forms of Ca 2 1 spikes: local Ca 2 1 spikes and submicromolar ( , 1 m M) and micromolar (1–15 m M) global Ca 2 1 spikes...

Spiking Neural P(SN P) system with anti-spikes uses two types of objects called spikes and anti-spikes which can encode binary digits in a natural way. We propose a formal method based on Petri nets, which provides a natural and powerful framework to formalize SN P systems with anti-spikes. This enables the use of existing tools for Petri nets to study the computability and behavioural properti...

This paper presents a new time-frequency based EEG seizure detection method. This method uses the distribution of interspike intervals as a criterion for discriminating between seizure and nonseizure activities. To detect spikes in the EEG, the signal is mapped into the time-frequency domain. The high instantaneous energy of spikes is reflected as a localized energy in time-frequency domain. Hi...

Broadband transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy, three-pulse photon echo peak shift (3PEPS), and anisotropy decay measurements were used to study the solvation dynamics in bulk water and interfacial water at ZrO(2) surfaces, using Eosin Y as a probe. The 3PEPS results show a multiexponential behavior with two subpicosecond components that are similar in bulk and interfacial water, while a thir...

BACKGROUND The cost-benefit of raccoon rabies control strategies such as oral rabies vaccination (ORV) are under evaluation. As an initial quantification of the potential cost savings for a control program, the collection of selected rabies cost data was pilot tested for five counties in New York State (NYS) in a three-year period. METHODS Rabies costs reported to NYS from the study counties ...

The computational repertoire of neurons is enhanced by regenerative electrical signals initiated in dendrites. These events, referred to as dendritic spikes, can act as cell-intrinsic amplifiers of synaptic input. Among these signals, dendritic NMDA spikes are of interest in light of their correlation with synaptic LTP induction. Because it is not possible to block NMDA spikes pharmacologically...

The performance of a method for sorting of waveforms in multi-neuron data (Gädicke and Albus, 1995) is evaluated by using artificial spike patterns generated by the computer and by adding to these spikes noise or free running sine waves of varying frequency and amplitude to simulate EEG-waves. The DSP32C is capable of continuously processing spikes at 183.106 Hz. In addition to real-time sortin...

OBJECTIVE Local field potentials (LFPs) that carry information about the subject's motor intention have the potential to serve as a complement or alternative to spike signals for brain-machine interfaces (BMIs). The goal of this study is to assess the utility of LFPs for BMIs by characterizing the largely unknown information coding properties of multichannel LFPs. APPROACH Two monkeys were im...