Cassava is an important root crop to resource-poor farmers in marginal areas, where its production faces drought stress constraints. Given the difficulties associated with cassava breeding, a molecular understanding of drought tolerance in cassava will help in the identification of markers for use in marker-assisted selection and genes for transgenic improvement of drought tolerance. This study...

In the 1970s, the word ‘‘hydroschizophrenia’’ was used to describe the attitude of decision makers, who played down the role of ground water relative to surface water resources. More than 30 years later, this situation has not changed. Take as an example the Ministerial Declaration signed by more than 100 ‘‘Water Ministers’’ at the Third World Water Forum (Kyoto, March 2003) in which ground wat...

Scarcity of water for irrigation is an alarming issue of Pakistan and the problem is being magnified rapidly with the passage of time. Shortage of water is thus, a limiting factor in increasing per unit area wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield that is staple food of most of the people. Eventually, the gap between production and consumption is widening day by day and Pakistan is now suffering fro...

Drought reduces the quantity and quality of water resources ultimately increases risk agricultural activities at farm level. Therefore, by developing risk-based economic models, effects changes in on farmers' decisions should be examined. In this regard, drought farmers Qazvin Plain Irrigation Network have been evaluated. For purpose, firstly, river flow was simulated using Qual2k model 1998–20...

the increasing number of hazards related to water shortage in different parts of the world and the probability of socio-economic crisis, social stresses and even war occurrence as water shortage impacts; shows that water supply challenges will be more important and widespread than energy supply challenges in future decades. during the time, with population growth, resource demand increase and p...

The ongoing debate on water policies in Spain is characterised by a traditional paradigm, dominated by the intervention on hydrological systems through the construction and management of infrastructure, which is progressively being abandoned but is currently still strong while the emergence of new management approaches. Climate change and the Water Framework Directive (WFD) are, in addition, th...

Out of about 1.2 billion people in India, 68% people live on agriculture as their main occupation. Ground water is therefore an important resource which provides over 70% of rural drinking water supply and about 50% of water used for irrigation. Rains in Monsoon season from June to September, provide the main source of water but they last only for four months and the rest of the year is dry in ...