this study aims at analyzing spatial pattern and associations of fagus oriantalis lipsky in different vertical classes in intact beech forests. data collection was done in 25 ha plot in gorazbon district of educational and experimental forests of university of tehran. species and dbh of all trees with dbh > 7.5 cm were recorded. the location of each tree was determined using azimuth and distanc...

introduction: exposure to 3, 4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine (mdma) could lead to serotonergic system toxicity in the brain. this system is responsible for learning and memory functions. studies show that mdma causes memory impairment dose-dependently and acutely. the present study was designed to evaluate the chronic and acute effects of mdmd on spatial memory and acquisition of passive avoid...

in the analysis of spatial point patterns, complete spatial randomness (csr) hypothesis,which is a restriction of a homogenous poisson process to study region a, operates as a dividinghypothesis between “regular” and “aggregated” patterns. meanwhile, many alternatives to csr inaggregated patterns are extensions of homogenous poisson processes themselves. therefore, when thecsr hypothesis is rej...

the soil erodibility factor varies spatially according to variations of some soil properties on the surface. this study was carried out to compare spatial variability of the soil erodibility factor as estimated and measured using the usle. the study was conducted in an agricultural zone with an area of in 900 km2 in hashtrood, northwestern iran. in the study area, 36 square grids with a dimensi...

introduction: previous studies have suggested that the cerebellum is a primary site of motor learning. the cerebellar cortex has a particular glial architecture with large astroglial cells. in addition, more recent works have revealed that astrocytes play a more active role in neuronal activity. the aim of this study was to evaluate the number of astrocytes in the molecular layer of rat's ...

Poverty can have spatial dimensions. While general figures might show the spatial pattern of poverty, there is a need for more detailed examination of this pattern. Relying on simple figures of spatial patterns and ranking regions based on them might be misleading. This paper tries to apply spatial analysis methodsm, namely spatial autoregressive models to find out the impacts of space on the h...

the interactions and linkages between urban centers and peripheral settlements are increasingly recognized as key factors in the process of social, economic and environmental changes in peripheral settlements. despite this, most practices are implicitly based on a dichotomous view of population and activities in urban and peripheral area. this paper presents that how interactions between urba...

ABSTRACT- The information on the spatial properties of soil is vital to improve soil management and to increase the crop productivity. Geostatistical analysis technique is one of the most important methods for determining the spatial properties of soil. The aim of this study was to investigate spatial variability of soil chemical and physical attributes for field management in eastern Shiraz, I...