BACKGROUND After resection of long-segment Hirschsprung's disease, severe perianal dermatitis (SPAD) may occur because of high stool frequency and elevated concentrations of fecal pancreatic proteases. We investigated prospectively the effect of potato-derived protease inhibitors (PPI) on skin conditions in children with postoperative SPAD. METHODS Four children (aged 12 to 24 months) with th...

A highly accurate method for the determination of the detection efficiency of a silicon single-photon avalanche diode (Si-SPAD) is presented. This method is based on the comparison of the detected count rate of the Si-SPAD compared to the photon rate determined from a calibrated silicon diode using a modified attenuator technique, in which the total attenuation is measured in two attenuation st...

monly used instruments is a Minolta SPAD (soil plant analysis development) meter. The SPAD meter measures the difference in light absorption at 430 and 750 nm (Wood et al., 1992). The former is the transmittance peak for chlorophyl ‘a’ and ‘b’, and the latter is in the near-infrared region. The instrument converts the difference in light absorption at these two wavelengths into a numerical SPAD...

sCMOS imagers are currently utilized (replacing EMCCD imagers) to increase the acquisition speed in super resolution localization microscopy. Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) imagers feature frame rates per bit depth comparable to or higher than sCMOS imagers, while generating microsecond 1-bit-frames without readout noise, thus paving the way to in-depth time-resolved image analysis. High ...

Current instruments used to detect specific protein-protein interactions in live cells for applications in high-content screening (HCS) are limited by the time required to measure the lifetime. Here, a 32 × 1 single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array was explored as a detector for fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) in HCS. Device parameters and characterization results were interpreted in th...

Abstract—Nitrogen fertilizer is the most used and often the most mismanaged nutrient input. Nitrogen management has tremendous implications on crop productivity, quality and environmental stewardship. Sufficient nitrogen is needed to optimum yield and quality. Soil and in-season plant tissue testing for nitrogen status are a time consuming and expensive process. Real time sensing of plant nitro...

The appearance of miniaturized single-photon detectors has enabled massively parallel conversion of photons to digital signals that can be readily processed and/or transported with negligible losses. As a consequence, a new class of imaging sensors is emerging, known collectively as all-digital image sensors, for detection and processing of ultra-fast and complex photonic events, often present ...

Vegetation phenology, as used and studied the related studies, refers to the relationship between climate and periodic development of photosynthetic biomass. selected 15 Hornbeam plots (Carpinus betulus) from study area in a mountainous region from 520m to 1310m above sea level. Ground observations of hornbeam tree growth process from January to December 2004 in 15 day intervals were performed ...

3D imaging and multi-pixel rangefinding constitute one of the most important and innovative fields of research in image sensor science and engineering in the past years. In rangefinding, one computes the Time-Of-Flight of a ray of light, generated by a mono-chromatic or wide-spectral source, from the source through the reflection of a target object and to a detector. There exist at least two te...

The design and measurements of a CMOS 64 × 64 Single-Photon Avalanche-Diode (SPAD) array with in-pixel Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) are presented. This paper thoroughly describes the imager at architectural and circuit level with particular emphasis on the characterization of the SPAD-detector ensemble. It is aimed to 2D imaging and 3D image reconstruction in low light environments. It has b...