Abstract Zohary and Hopf coined the term ‘founder crops’ to refer a specific group of eight plants, namely three cereals (einkorn, emmer barley), four legumes (lentil, pea, bitter vetch chickpea), fibre/oil crop (flax), that founded early Neolithic agriculture in southwest Asia. considered these taxa as first cultivated domesticated species, well those agricultural communities exploited eventua...

Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), vectors the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, one of the causal organisms of the devastating citrus disease "huanglongbing" or citrus greening. In the United States, D. citri was first discovered in Florida, in 1998. Tamarixia radiata Waterston (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) was imported from Asia and released in Florida in 1999-2001 to im...

Genetic research into Southeast Asia's "negritos" has revealed their deep-rooted ancestry, with time depth comparable to that of Southwest Pacific populations. This finding is often interpreted as evidence that negritos, in contrast to other Southeast Asians, can trace much of their ancestry directly back to the early dispersal of Homo sapiens in the order of 70 kya from Africa to Pleistocene N...

iran is situated at the center of a regional subsystem including the middle east, central asia, the caucasus, southwest asia and the persian gulf basin. iran's relations with each of these subsystems refer to a special ground that is rooted in the foundation of iranian civilization. if relations with each of these regions are designed according to cultural, economic and political realities...

The property rights ideally suited for farming differed from those that were well adapted to mobile hunting and gathering, raising the question: How did this new institution emerge in the places where farming was first practiced? I survey the current archaeological evidence on the political, social, and economic institutions of the first populations that adopted farming in southwest Asia. While...

Studies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity indicate explicitly that dogs were domesticated, probably exclusively, in southern East Asia. However, Southwest Asia (SwAsia) has had poor representation and geographical coverage in these studies. Other studies based on archaeological and genome-wide SNP data have suggested an origin of dogs in SwAsia. Hence, it has been suspected that mtDNA evid...

Climatic oscillations and geological events play major roles in shaping species diversity and the distribution of plants. The mechanisms underlying the high level of plant species diversity in eastern Asia are hotly debated. In this study, five cpDNA regions, two mtDNA fragments and one nuclear gene (LEAFY) were employed to investigate species diversification and the historical biogeography of ...

Cholangiocarcinoma is uncommon cancer with an incidence 1-2/100 000 in the USA. Predisposing diseases for developing of cholangiocarcinoma include primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), congenital biliary cystic disease and hepatolithiasis with biliary infestations by Clonorchis siniensis, also called recurrent pyogenic cholangiohepatatis ( mainly encountered in Japan and Southwest Asia). The ma...