in order to evaluate the weed diversity in forage crop fields such as alfalfa (medicago sativa l.), clover (trifolium sp.) and sainfoin (onobrychis spp.) in different provinces of iran, a study was conducted by using data from reports of plant protection organization, ministry of agriculture during 2008. after evaluation of weed species and definition of weed family, these species classified ba...

background: field matching problems in abutting electron fields can be managed by using spoilers. objective: the aim of this study was to design a monte carlo framework for the assessment of spoiler application in abutting electron fields. methods: a siemens primus treatment head was simulated for a 5 mev electron beam using beamnrc and dosxyznrc, egsnrc user codes. validation of beam model was...

this study was aimed to assess wheat-grown fields health in gharessoo basin, golestan province, iran, using 79 fields in 8 villages in 2010. the samples were taken by quadrates. the number and the type of weeds were recorded at genera and species levels. in parallel, management data were recorded by questionnaire. species richness was defined as species number and shannon-wiener index, simpson’...

Long lead-time space-weather forecasting requires accurate prediction of the near-Earth solar wind. The current state of the art uses a coronal model to extrapolate the observed photospheric magnetic field to the upper corona, where it is related to solar wind speed through empirical relations. These near-Sun solar wind and magnetic field conditions provide the inner boundary condition to three...

neurotheology is a modern field that seek to justify religious experiences. neurotheology consist of to main fields: neuroscience and theology. this two fields mixed together and became new field. in contrast, other sientists opposed with neurothology and it's issues. they utilize neuroscience and prove that religious experiences are false and fiction. here at first we describe neurotheolo...

in order to study concentrations of soil micro and heavy metal elements in some saffron planting regions of birjand province, an experiment was performed as factorial layout based on a completely randomized block design with three replications at year 2013. treatments were three field ages (annual, triennial and quinquennial) and five saffron regions including aryan shahr, hosseinabad, khosef, ...

uncertainty analysis is a useful tool to evaluate soil water simulations in order to get more information about the models output. these information provide more confidence for decision making processes. in this study, swap model is applied for soil water balance simulations in two fields which are planted by wheat and maize in an arid region. first the amount of uncertainty is estimated and co...

in the first part of this paper, some theorems are given for a riemannian manifold with semi-symmetric metric connection. in the second part of it, some special vector fields, for example, torse-forming vector fields, recurrent vector fields and concurrent vector fields are examined in this manifold. we obtain some properties of this manifold having the vectors mentioned above.