We propose a novel methodology to identity flows in the solar atmosphere and classify their velocities as either supersonic, subsonic, or sonic. The proposed consists of three parts. First, an algorithm is applied Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) image data locate track flows, resulting trajectory each flow over time. Thereafter, differential emission measure inversion method six AIA channels a...

Many new types of sonic anemometer obtain sonic temperature from an average value of temperature measured along three paths, unlike previous sonic anemometers that generally used one path. New equations are derived to calculate temperature variance from sonic temperature variance and sensible heat flux from buoyancy flux considering the influence of a crosswind. These equations can be applied t...

Local 1-shock curve arcs and local reverse 2-shock curve arcs were constructed, in the geometric context of the wave manifold, in a previous paper. In that geometric context, sonic and sonic’ surfaces are the boundaries of admissible shock curve arcs; in order to introduce the concept of non-local 1-shock curve arcs and non-local reverse 2shock curve arcs it is necessary to understand how a hug...

Sonic velocities of geologic fluids, such as volcanic magmas and geothermal fluids, can be as low as 1 m/s. Critical velocities in large rivers can be of the order of 1-10 m/s. Because velocities of fluids moving in these settings can exceed these characteristic velocities, sonic and supersonic gas flow and critical and supercritical shallow-water flow can occur. The importance of the low chara...

Sonic hedgehog is involved in vertebrate tissue interactions during development. During early feather development, Sonic hedgehog appears very early in epithelial placodes. During late feather development, Sonic hedgehog expression precedes the development of the marginal plates and is specifically localized in the marginal plate epithelium, which will later undergo cell death. By using retrovi...

While the majority of studies in sonic interaction design (SID) focuses on sound as the output modality of an interactive system, the broad scope of SID includes also the use of sound as an input modality. Sonic gestures can be defined as sound-producing actions generated by a human in order to convey information. Their use as input in computational systems has been studied in several isolated ...

Even if air and other gases appear to be quite compressible in our daily doings, we have until now only analyzed incompressible flow and sometimes applied it to gases. The reason is— as pointed out before—that a gas in steady flow “prefers to get out of the way” rather than become compressed when it encounters an obstacle. Unless one entraps the gas, for example in a balloon or bicycle tire, it...

We consider degenerate viscous shock profiles arising in systems of two regularized conservation laws, where degeneracy here describes viscous shock profiles for which the asymptotic endstates are sonic to the associated hyperbolic system (the shock speed is equal to one of the characteristic speeds). Proceeding with pointwise estimates on the Green’s function for the linear system of equations...

Like painters selecting hues from color palettes, sound artists and composers choose from palettes of available sounds. Their choices become part of plays, films, radio and television programs, songs, animations, and games. FindSounds Palette is an audio retrieval system designed to facilitate this creative process. Local audio files, and audio files on the Web, are searched by text description...

Abstract Viscous accretion flow around a rotating supermassive black hole sitting in quintessence tub is studied this article. To introduce such dark energy contaminated hole’s gravitational force, new pseudo-Newtonian potential used. This force can be calculated if we know the distance from center, spin of and equation state inside which considered to lie. helps us avoid complicated nonlineari...