Arabidopsis LEAFY COTYLEDON (LEC) genes, AtLEC1 and AtLEC2, are important embryonic regulators that play key roles in morphogenesis and maturation phases during embryo development. Ectopic expression of AtLEC1 and AtLEC2 in tobacco caused abnormality in transgenic seedling. When transgenic seeds germinated on medium containing 30 µM DEX, LEC1 transgenic seedlings were ivory and fleshy, with une...

ent conccntrations ef 2,4-D, NAA and BAP, large number of somatic cmbryos differentiated When the suspension was cultured for 7 days in the induction medium. The cel]s destined to become somatic embryos divided to form spherical of filamentous proembryos. The fi]amenteus proembryo developed into different shapes of embryos. Somatic embryogenesis began in tlie proembryo stage and preceeded from ...

One of the several factors that contribute to the low efficiency of mammalian somatic cloning is poor fusion between the small somatic donor cell and the large recipient oocyte. This study was designed to test phytohemagglutinin (PHA) agglutination activity on fusion rate, and subsequent developmental potential of cloned bovine embryos. The toxicity of PHA was established by examining its effec...

The ability to produce morphologically and developmentally normal embryos and, indeed, whole plants from undifferentiated somatic cells in culture, through the process of somatic embryogenesis, resides uniquely within the plant kingdom. Since the initial description of somatic embryo production from carrot callus cells more than 35 years ago (Steward et al., 1958), this unique developmental pot...

This study was conducted to compare the agronomic performance of four elite cocoa clones (MCBC1, KKM22, KKM4 and PBC230) regenerated from staminode immature zygotic embryo culture with conventional grafted clones. From results, it found that clone propagated exhibited variations in fresh pod weight (339.6 g), individual seed (4.13 g) number flat beans per (4 beans) compared rest The genetic sta...

Apoptotic and Epigenetic Induction of Embryo Failure Following Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer

The rapid direct and repetitive somatic embryogenesis in Coffea arabica and C. canephora genotypes was tested on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) containing thidiazuron (TDZ) (1-phenyl-3-(1,2,3,-thiadiazol-5-yl)urea) in concentrations of 2.27–11.35s M. Segments taken from cotyledon leaf, first leaf and stalk of regenerated plantlets produced clusters of somatic embryos directly from cut portions...

Plant regeneration was achieved using somatic embryos obtained from the Vitis vinifera cvs Sugraone, Crimson Seedless and Don Mariano. White somatic embryos, 1.5-3 mm in length, were cultured on embryo germination medium with or without IAA (10 μM) + GA3 (1 μM). Germinated embryos showed 5 different morphologies, (1) one cotyledon, (2) two cotyledons, (3) three cotyledons, (4) trumpet-like and ...

Somatic embryogenesis is the process by which somatic cells are induced into an embryogenic state, followed by differentiation into embryos. Somatic embryogenesis, in addition to being a method of propagation, can serve as an experimental tool for research into plant embryo development. This is a review of the current literature on in vitro plant somatic embryogenesis and the molecular advances...