A very simple, rapid and sensitive dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) followed by gas chromatography and flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was developed for the determination of phenol and carvacrol in honey samples. A mixture of 100 µl dichloromethane (extraction solvent) and 0.5 ml acetonitrile (disperser solvent) was rapidly injected into sample solution. Thereby a cloudy sol...

The oil content of the wax produced in a dewaxing process is the key economic parameter that should be reduced as much as possible. Some factors such as the type of solvents, cooling rate, temperature, and solvent to oil ratio influence the dewaxing process. Due to the fact that crude oil differs from place to place and since the operational conditions for wax extraction vary for different type...

Piroxicam has two different crystalline forms (known as needle and cubic forms), that they are different in physicochemical properties such as biological solubility. In the current research, using Taguchi experimental design approach the influences of five operating variables on formation of the piroxicam polymorph shapes in recrystallization were studied. The variables include type of solvent,...

The aim of this study was to examine the effects solvent-to-solid ratio, particle size, extraction time, and temperature on Jatropha oil using three organic solvents, i.e., n-hexane, petroleum ether, ethanol. Soxhlet method used, parameters were varied in following ranges: 24–80°C, time 2 8 h, ratio 4 : 1 7 1, size 0.5–0.8 mm. After obtaining optimal conditions, a large volume prepared, purifie...

A method based on the ultrasound-assisted solidification of floating drop microextraction technique was developed for the spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric determination of curcumin in turmeric powder. In this work a small volume of an organic solvent was floated on the surface of an aqueous solution. After sonication the organic solvent is solidified and separated. The effect of extra...

a comparative study of ultrasound-assisted extraction (uae) and hydro-distillation was performed for fast extraction of estragole from tarragon (artemisia dracunculus l.) dried leaves. several influential parameters of the uae procedure in the extraction of estragole (type of solvent, extraction cycles, solvent to material ratio, irradiation time and particle size) were investigated and optimiz...

in this research, a rapid, reliable and selective dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (dllme) followed by direct injection of microdroplet to graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (gf-aas) method for the determination of ultra-trace amounts of ag(i) was developed. effect of the important experimental parameters on the extraction efficiency of ag(i) was investigated using response...

The reaction of 2-naphthol and also para-substituted phenols with glyoxal in presence of choline chloride: 2 ZnCl2 [ChCl: 2ZnCl2], a deep eutectic solvent (DES), as a green catalyst was studied. The amount of catalyst, solvent type, temperature, and time on the yield of reaction were investigated. It was found that the optimal condition included 10% mol ratio of catalyst (mol percentage of DES ...

The PdCl(2)-promoted reactions of methylenecyclopropanes (MCPs) 1 bearing diaryl substituents on the terminal double bond were carefully investigated. The solvents employed significantly affected the reaction outcomes. It was found that dimeric allylpalladium(ii) complexes 2a-2f can be obtained as the sole products in acceptable to good yields under mild reaction conditions with THF as the solv...