inulin is widely used in functional foods throughout the world for its health-promoting and technological properties. helianthus tuberosus is cultivated widely in the northern part of iran. helianthus tuberosus can be a valuable source of inulin. to optimize conventional extraction of inulin, various combinations of time, temperature, and solvent: solid ratio, were used. in this research, a ser...

Fischer, 0.: Enhancement of Propagation of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by Culture in a Biphasic Medium. Acta vet. Bmo, 1995,64:243-247. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (strain J) was propagated in a liquid and a biphasic media. The solid phase of the biphasic medium was obtained by the addition of 1.9% or 0.19% of agar to the liquid medium. Compared with the liquid medium, a more rapid propagation of myc...

tissue culture is an attractive alternative for plant propagation. micropropagation is a technique to ensure a constant and uniform source of ornamental plants. matthiola incana is an important ornamental species mainly cultivate by seed. matthiola incana seeds were germinated on solid ms medium without plant growth regulators. shoot proliferation and root formation are possible using kinetin (...

Continuous-wave mode-locked femtosecond 2-m solid-state laser with a c-cut Tm:CaYAlO4 (6 at.%) as gain medium was experimentally demonstrated. The mode locked laser generated stable pulses with average output power as high as 531 mW, pulse duration of 496 fs, and repetition rate of 97 MHz at 1975 nm. The research results show that Tm:CaYAlO4 is an excellent gain medium for femtosecond pulse ge...

Based on the type of laser gain medium, lasers are mostly divided into four categories; gaseous, liquid (such as dye lasers), semiconductor, and solid state lasers. In recent past years, solid state lasers have been attracted considerable attentions in industry and scientific researches to achieve the high power laser devices with good beam quality. In solid state lasers the gain medium might b...

Solid-state lasers are typically limited by adverse thermal effects within the gain medium. In this Letter we describe a new method for dramatically reducing thermal effects in an end-pumped solid-state laser by incorporating a rotating intracavity periscope in the resonator to spatially separate the lasing and thermal processes. In contrast with previous examples of moving solid-state lasers, ...

We use the fractional integrals to describe fractal solid. We suggest to consider the fractal solid as special (fractional) continuous medium. We replace the fractal solid with fractal mass dimension by some continuous model that is described by fractional integrals. The fractional integrals are considered as approximation of the integrals on fractals. We derive fractional generalization of the...

A fungal strain of Aspergillus oryzae was used for the production of alpha amylase by solid state fermentation from agro-industrial waste. Enzyme production was growth associated and maximum activity (8.23 U/ml) were obtained after 120h when incubated at 30°C on wheat bran with initial moisture content 60%; initial medium pH = 5 . Enzyme activity increased when the solid medium was supplemented...

The hole transporting medium in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells can be utilized to harvest sunlight. Herein we demonstrate that a triphenylamine-based dye, used as hole-transporting medium, contributes to the photocurrent in a squaraine-sensitized solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell. Steady-state photoluminescence measurements have been used to distinguish between electron transfer and...