Among extinct radioactivities present in meteorites, Fe (t1/2 = 1.49 Myr) plays a key role as a high-resolution chronometer, a heat source in planetesimals, and a fingerprint of the astrophysical setting of solar system formation. A critical issue with Fe is that it could have been heterogeneously distributed in the protoplanetary disk, calling into question the efficiency of mixing in the sola...

Recently, the use of hybrid systems using multiple heat sources in buildings to ensure a stable energy supply and improve the system performance has gained attention. Among them, a heat pump system using both solar and ground heat was developed and various system configurations have been introduced. However, establishing a suitable design method for the solar-assisted ground heat pump (SAGHP) s...

Photovoltaic (PV) modules and solar thermal collectors are convectional solar systems that convert solar radiation into electricity and heat energy respectively. PV modules generate clean electricity and ideal for use in developing countries where human settlement is scattered in remote rural areas and no grid electricity is available. However, electrical conversion efficiency of commercial PV ...

A solar-driven Stirling engine is modelled as a combined system which consists of a solar collector and a Stirling engine. The performance of the system is investigated, based on the linearized heat loss model of the solar collector and the irreverisible cycle model of the Stirling engine affected by finite-rate heat transfer and regenerative losses. The maximum efficiency of the system and the...

Many small mammals bask in the sun during rewarming from heterothermy, but the implications of this behaviour for their energy balance remain little understood. Specifically, it remains unclear whether solar radiation supplements endogenous metabolic thermogenesis (i.e., rewarming occurs through the additive effects of internally-produced and external heat), or whether solar radiation reduces t...

the dye-sensitized solar cells (dssc) have been regarded as one of the most promising new generation solar cells. tremendous research efforts have been invested to improve the efficiency of solar energy conversion which is generally determined by the light harvesting efficiency, electron injection efficiency and undesirable electron lifetime. in this review, various characteristics of dye-sensi...

The most important reason for the design of curved tubes is increasing the heat transfer between the fluid and the wall which has provided many applications in various industries such as air conditioning, micro-electric, heat exchangers and etc. The aim of this study is numerical investigation of nano fluids flow in spiral tubes with injection of base fluid in different Reynolds numbers. Accord...

Performance was evaluated for a passive solar space heating system utilizing heat pipes to transfer heat through an insulated wall from an absorber outside the building to a storage tank inside the building. The one-directional, thermal diode heat transfer effect of heat pipes make them ideal for passive solar applications. Gains by the heat pipe are not lost during cloud cover or periods of lo...

A new concentrator receiver containing a 7 mm X 7 mm 3J concentrator solar cell with a 37.4 % peak efficiency was developed. The receiver design includes a homogenizer, heat handling (epoxy lamination) technologies and a low resistance soldered connection and can be applied to various concentrator optics, including dish systems. The outdoor efficiency with a combination of a plastic Fresnel len...