Three field experiments were established in a loamy sand soil in the Coastal Plain of North Carolina to determine downward movement of aldicarb and fenamiphos with a nematode bioassay. Penetration of bioassay plant roots by Meloidogyne incognita was measured at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after treatment in the greenhouse as a means of determining nematicide effectiveness. Chemical movement wa...

wind is an important erosive force in deserts, where limited cover of vascular plant material offers little soil-surface protection. erosion and sediment from soil surfaces occurs when wind forces exceed soil threshold friction velocities. soils with physical or biological crusts usually resist wind erosion. this study was conducted by the aim of investigation the effect of trichoderma harzianu...

on-farm experiments were designed to investigate the response of maize establishment and grain yield to variation in tillage systems. the tillage treatments included arara ploughing followed by zig-zag harrowing and arara ridging (t1); emcot ploughing fol-lowed by zig-zag harrowing and emcot ridging (t2); mouldboard ploughing followed by disc harrowing and mouldboard ridging (t3); disc ploughin...

Water encounters various resistances in moving along a path of decreasing potential energy from the soil through the plant to the atmosphere. The reported relative magnitudes of these pathway resistances vary widely and often these results are conflicting. One reason for such inconsistency is the difficulty in measuring the potential drop across various segments of the soil-plant-atmosphere con...

The application of asphalt hot mix recycling is one challenge in sustainable road pavement research. In addition to the vast amount research on performance recycled asphalt–concrete, frictional resistance still limited. effects aged and aggregates skid were investigated this carefully extracted from field-reclaimed pavement, engineering mechanical properties virgin measured. degradation was sim...

simultaneous heat and water model (shaw) is based on the assimilation rate of melting and/or freezing of the accumulated snow as well as melting of ice in soil. the main objective of this study was to evaluate applicability of shaw model in determining maximum depth of frost penetration in soils in some typical climates of iran. to this end, the daily data of air temperature, soil temperatures ...

Aim of this work is looking for a correlation between footprint and soil penetration volume of treads in agricultural tires. Three tyres of different dimensions, fitted on the same tractor with different pressures and loads (N=not ballasted; Z=ballasted) were tested for defining the area of the single footprint shape (SF and SaF), of the multiple footprint shape (MF) and the volume of tyre in s...

Mollisols of Santa Fe have different tilth and load support capacity. Despite the importance of these attributes to achieve a sustainable crop production, few information is available. The objectives of this study are i) to assess soil physical indicators related to plant growth and to soil mechanical behavior; and ii) to establish relationships to estimate the impact of soil loading on the soi...

An apparatus was developed for the measurement of transpiration rates of Trifolium repens. The transpiration rates were measured under controlled conditions of soil water stress and soil temperature. Other environmental parameters such as air temperature, relative humidity, light intensity and air speed were held constant. Diffusive resistances were calculated and stomatal aperture changes were...

Biomass of legumes grown as catch crops improves soil properties and thus soil conditions for following crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) grown as a catch crop and used for green manure on soil properties and yielding of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Field experiments were conducted in 2008-2011 in the randomized block design with ...