background: schistosomiasis and soil transmitted infection is a major health problem of children from rural areas of developing countries including yemen. in an attempt to reduce this burden, the ministry of public health and population in yemen established in 2002 a programme for schisto-somal, soil transmitted infection control that aimed to reduce morbidity and prevalence rates of schistosom...

In this paper, Intelligent water drop algorithm (IWD) is used to analyze single overhead line connected to grid-grounded arrester. In this approach, at first Norton’s equivalent circuit of the overhead line over lossy soil is computed by method of moments (MoM) and then for the problem under consideration, a nonlinear equivalent circuit in the frequency domain is proposed. Finally applying inte...

Self-similar fractals are useful models of the soil solid and pore sets along lines, across areas and inside volumes. The scaling properties of these sets, analysed by the divider method within the known scale range over which the fractal extends, were described by three parameters, the solid (Ds) and pore (Dp) linear box or capacity empirical fractal dimensions, and the total number of rulers ...

In the process of automating an earthmoving machine, we have developed a model of soil-tool interaction that predicts resistive forces experienced at the tool during digging. The predicted forces can be used to model the closed loop behavior of a controller that servoes the joints of the excavator so as to fill the bucket. In this paper, we extend the state of the art in two ways. First, we pre...

A novel technique for identifying soil parameters on-line while traversing with a tracked vehicle on unknown terrain is presented. This technique, based on the Newton Raphson method is used to identify unknown soil parameters. Comparing with the Least Square method, it shows that the Newton Raphson method is better in terms of prediction accuracy, computational speed, and robustness to initial ...

Long-term trends of the combined effects of evapotranspiration and precipitation effect surface hydrology and soil water and consequently natural and agricultural ecosystems. This paper analyses yield index and soil water deficit time series derived from water balance calculations for multiple cropping systems with FAO methodology. The analysis shows that yield index values have increased and s...

homogeneity and uniformity of soil particles is a most potent factor which affects soil spectral signatures. geometric standard deviation of soil particles (?g) exhibits the homogeneity of soil components. this study presents the influence of ?g on spectral studying of soil geometric mean particle diameter as well as lime. the study was conducted in pol-e-dokhtar using the data set of lissiii-p...