Erosion of the southern Gold Coast beaches (SE Queensland, Australia) was exacerbated after the extension of the Tweed River training walls in the early 1960s. To achieve the objective of restoring and maintaining beach amenity, significant nourishment works have been undertaken in Coolangatta Bay over the past 30 years. Particularly, under the Tweed River Entrance Sand Bypassing Project (TRESB...

ABSTRACT: This paper presents the settlement analysis of a beam resting on geosynthetic reinforced granular fill-soft soil system. Each subsystem of the reinforced fill-soil system is idealized by elastic membrane, Pasternak shear layer, Winkler springs and dashpots, as applicable. The suggested model incorporates various aspects of the behavior of the geosynthetic-reinforced granular fill-soft...

Abstract Cai Mep International Container Terminal was constructed 80 km southeast of Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam, where a thick and soft clay deposit widely found from the top ground. To minimize consolidation settlement after construction, soil improvement by PVD extensively applied. Sand filling including preload up to +11.8 mCD required on existing ground +3.5 mCD. Stability this sand river si...

Soft-sediment biogeochemistry is influenced by the bioturbation activity of benthic invertebrates. We investigated whether effect two macrobenthos bioturbators, Limecola balthica and Hediste diversicolor , on sediment oxygen uptake can be described allometric principles metabolic scaling with animal body size population biomass. Microcosms containing reconstructed populations to control density...

This study (1975-1977) examines the effect of man-made structures on natural sand bottom communities in shallow water in San Diego County, southern California, USA. While there were shallow scour effects to 15 m around some artificial reefs, the reefs had no measurable effect on sand ripple patterns, grain size, organic carbon or infauna beyond the scoured areas. Foraging by reef-associated fis...

This study links spatial and seasonal patterns of mortality of the hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria (L.), in marine soft bottoms with the predation rates and habitat use of its main predator, the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun. Patterns of predation on tethered juvenile clams exposed to the natural assemblage of predators were compared among different habitat types in fall and summer. B...

The capability of autonomous platforms to function on beaches is critical for a wide range of military and civilian operations. Of particular importance is the ability to autonomously navigate through rocky terrain, hard-packed moist sand, and loose dry sand typically found in these environments. The study of animal locomotion mechanisms provides specific movement principles that can be applied...

It is common fallacy in Britain that 'American' golf greens are constructed of sand; are excessively irrigated, excessively fertilized, and that their surfaces are soft. Generalisations of 'American' golf greens cannot be made. The diversity in climates, maintenance budgets, construction methods, etc., results in a host of 'American' greens. The grass species on the greens may consist of Poa an...