IT is often stated that the addition of a citrate to milk prevents clotting by rennin because an un-ionised calcium citrate is formed, thus removing the calcium ions from solution, these ions being considered essential for the clotting process. The prevention of the clotting of blood by citrates is explained in the same way. It is not the purpose of this paper to discuss the clotting phenomenon...

Ninety four children aged less than 5 years with diarrhoeal dehydration and acidosis were treated randomly with either World Health Organisation (WHO) oral rehydration solution containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate and glucose or an oral solution with tripotassium citrate monohydrate replacing the sodium bicarbonate and potassium chloride in the WHO solution. Fifty ...

Extracellular pH (pHe) of tumor cells is characteristic microenvironment (TME). Acidic TME impairs the responses tumors to some anti-cancer chemotherapies. In this study, we showed that daily oral dosing sodium potassium citrate (K/Na citrate) increased blood HCO3− concentrations, corresponding increase concentrations and pHs in urine, neutralized pHe. Neutralization acidic by alkaline substanc...

A disadvantage of the lead strains used in electron microscopy is the amount of time required for their preparation. One of the more stable and reliable stains, commonly called the lead citrate stain or Reynolds' stain (Reynolds, 1963), is made by mixing lead nitrate and sodium citrate in distilled water, allowing time for lead citrate to form, then adding sodium hydroxide to raise the pH of th...

Strongly supersaturated homogeneous calcium citrate solutions are formed spontaneously when solid sodium citrate and solid calcium hydroxycarboxylates are dissolved simultaneously in water or when solid sodium citrate is dissolved in an already saturated aqueous solution of the calcium hydroxycarboxylate at ambient conditions. Maximal supersaturation of calcium citrate was found to decrease for...

A halotolerant bacterial strain VA1 isolated from marine environment was studied for its ability to utilize polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) under saline condition. Anthracene and pyrene were used as representatives for the utilization of PAH by the bacterial strain. Glucose and sodium citrate were used as additional carbon sources to enhance the PAH utilization. The strain VA1 was able t...

The purpose of the study was to assess the effects of sodium citrate ingestion on the metabolic response to exercise and performance in a 1500-m competitive run in trained female middle-distance runners in field conditions. Seventeen athletes (mean (± SD) aged 18.6 ± 2.5 years, VO2max 55.2 ± 7.6 ml·kg(-1)·min(-1)) competed in two 1500-m races following ingestion of 0.4 g·kg(-1) body mass of sod...

Low potassium and magnesium status and decreased Na, K-pump activity is an endemic condition among rural Northeast Thais. The authors examined the effect of supplementing potassium and magnesium on erythrocyte potassium, sodium and magnesium content and on Na, K-pump activity. Rural Northeast Thai renal stone patients (62) were recruited, divided into four groups and supplemented for one month ...

An estimation method based on RP-HPLC has been identified for determining the concentrations of pantoprazole sodium and mosapride citrate in combined pharmaceutical formulation. The experiment was performed on Hypersil BDS (4.6mm X 150nm), 5μm column in isocratic mode, with 1 mL/min flow of orthophosphoric acid adjusted, mobile phase consisting of a 40:60 mixture of mixed sodium phosphate buffe...