The esterification reaction of trimellitic anhydride chloride TMAC 1 with N-(hydroxymethyl) phthalimide NHMP 2, N-(2-hydroxyethyl) phthalimide NHEP 3 or N-(hydroxymethyl) thalidomide NHMT 4 afforded novel cyclic imide-ester derivatives; phthaloyl-phthalic anhydride methyl ester PPAME 5, phthaloyl-phthalic anhydride ethyl ester PPAEE 6 and thalidomide-phthalic anhydride methyl ester TPAME 7, res...

In this study, a solid acid was prepared by the sulfonation of surface modified α-zirconium phosphate (ZrP) single-layer nanosheets (SO3H@ZrP), and the prepared solid acid was investigated for the esterification of oleic acid with methanol to produce biodiesel. For comparison, liquid H2SO4 and commercial Amberlyst® 15 catalyst were also evaluated for the same reaction under the same conditions....

In this study, bimodal mesoporous silica, i.e. UVM-7, was synthesized and functionalized withsulfonic acid and characterized using XRD, nitrogen physisorption, SEM, TEM and acid/basetitration. The results displayed that bimodal mesopore structure was firmly formed and acidicfunctional groups were grafted on the surface of the UVM-7. The concentration of the acidicfunctional groups was determine...

Organic-inorganic hybrids that combine the reversible nature of electrostatic interactions present in ionic systems with reinforcement ability nanoparticles nanocomposites have potential to revolutionize a wide spectrum technologies. However, prediction their service lifetime under photooxidative conditions has remained elusive. In this paper, accelerated environmental ageing hybrid materials m...

Bis(indolyl)methanes are important group of bioactive metabolites of terrestrial and marine regions. They were synthesized by different methods. Herein, a clean, one-pot synthesis of bis(indolyl)methane derivatives by cyclo-condensation reaction of indole and various aldehydes using Sulfonic acid functionalized silica (SiO2-Pr-SO3H) in aqueous media is reported. The advantages of this new metho...

Bis(indolyl)methanes are important group of bioactive metabolites of terrestrial and marine regions. They were synthesized by different methods. Herein, a clean, one-pot synthesis of bis(indolyl)methane derivatives by cyclo-condensation reaction of indole and various aldehydes using Sulfonic acid functionalized silica (SiO2-Pr-SO3H) in aqueous media is reported. The advantages of this new metho...

Given a positive integer n, we let sfp(n) denote the squarefree part of n. We determine all positive integers n for which max{sfp(n), sfp(n+ 1), sfp(n+ 2)} ≤ 150 by relating the problem to finding integral points on elliptic curves. We also prove that there are infinitely many n for which max{sfp(n), sfp(n + 1), sfp(n + 2)} < n.

A sentence-final particle (SFP, henceforth) is an optional component for a sentence in Cantonese. Traditionally an SFP contains at least one independent segment. The present study proposes that for sentences without a segmental SFP, sentencefinal intonation can act as a segmentless SFP. Systematical acoustic experiment was conducted based on this assumption. Two cross-cutting dichotomies were c...

Oil concentration (OC) in canola (B. napus L.) is determined during seed fillingperiod (SFP), and the variation in OC is greatly related to environmental conditionsduring that period. To determine factors affecting OC in canola, 12 fieldexperiments were conducted at Agricultural Research Station of Gonbad, Iran,during 2000-07. The experiments were carried out under different growingconditions. ...