During combustion of alternative fuels in the material inlet end of cement rotary kilns, local reducing conditions may occur and cause reductive decomposition of sulfates from calcined cement raw materials. Decomposition of sulfates is problematic because it increases the gas-phase SO2 concentration, whichmay cause deposit formation in the kiln system. In this study, the release of sulfur from ...

We report observation of Wannier-Stark ladders with ultracold sodium atoms in an accelerating one-dimensional standing wave of light. Atoms are trapped in a far-detuned standing wave that is accelerated for a controlled duration. A small oscillatory component is added to the acceleration, and the fraction of trapped atoms is measured as a function of the oscillation frequency. Resonances are ob...

We have carried out an ab initio molecular dynamics study on the sulfur dioxide (SO2) solvation in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate for which we have observed that both cations and anions play an essential role in the solvation of SO2. Whereas, the anions tend to form a thiocyanate- and much less often an isothiocyanate-SO2 adduct, the cations create a "cage" around SO2 with those groups...

China continues its strategy of total emissions control (TEC) or total load control for SO2 in the Tenth Five Years (2001~2005). This paper will analyze the status of SO2 TEC in China during the Ninth Five-Years (1996~2000). Based on the results of the analysis and the theory of divisional air resources, this paper will study the target of total SO2 emissions nationwide and its allocation for d...

BACKGROUND Inhalation of sulphur dioxide (SO2) provokes bronchoconstriction in asthmatic subjects. Cholinergic mechanisms contribute, but other mechanisms remain undefined. The effect of morphine, an opioid agonist, on the cholinergic component of SO2-induced bronchoconstriction was investigated, and the effect of indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, on SO2-induced bronchoconstriction and ...

With the rapid development of the economy, the sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission from China since 2000 is of increasing concern. In this work, we first presented the change of SO2 emission in China since 2000 using a technology-based methodology. Then, we compared the SO2 emission data with a variety of official statistics, ground-based measurements and satellite observations of sulfur related quan...

BACKGROUND In asthmatic subjects bronchoconstriction is induced by inhalation of the common food preservatives sulphur dioxide (SO2) and metabisulphite (MBS). SO2 and MBS challenges share many similarities, but it is not known whether they are equivalent. In this study of subjects with mild clinical asthma equivalence was assessed by comparing SO2 and MBS reactivity by estimating the total dose...

We compared the effect of inhaled NO2 and SO2 on airway tone and airway responsiveness in 14 nonsmoking mild asthmatics (mean +/- SD age 34 +/- 14 yrs; mean +/- SD baseline forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), 86 +/- 17% pred). On 3 separate days, 30 min tidal breathing (average minute ventilation 10.6 l.min-1) of either filtered air, 0.25 ppm NO2, or 0.5 ppm SO2 was followed by an is...

Stratospheric aerosols (SAs) are a variable component of the Earth’s albedo that may be intentionally enhanced in the future to offset greenhouse gases (geoengineering). The role of tropospheric-sourced sulfur dioxide (SO2) in maintaining background SAs has been debated for decades without in situ measurements of SO2 at the tropical tropopause to inform this issue. Here we clarify the role of S...