Most of the recent works on algorithmic mechanism design exploit the solution concept of dominant strategy equilibria. Such work designs a proper payment scheme so that selfish agents maximize their utility by truthfully revealing their types. It has been pointed out that these truthful mechanisms, the famous among them being the VCG mechanisms, often incur high payments and fruglity ratios. In...

The refinements of the Nash equilibrium concept surveyed in this section are all attempts to extend the spirit of Selten's [1965] definition of subgame perfection to games with imperfect information. To begin, we review the effect of subgame perfection in games of perfect information and the problems that arise with imperfect information. Extensive Form The normal form reveals that both (L,r) a...

Every experimentalist will sooner or later come across a situation in which results from initial "baseline" treatments conform nicely to the Nash equilibrium, but subsequent changes in parameters push the data in ways not predicted by Nash. This may happen when one begins by giving theory its "best shot," reserving stress tests for later. Such tests often involve changing a parameter that, on t...

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) is increasing in pediatric age group parallel to the growing prevalence of obesity and overweight all around the world. so changing in life style and   interventions on obesogenic environment is cornerstone of nafld therapy in obese children. some experts recommend that children and adolescents be encouraged to follow a low-fat, low-glycemic-index diet t...

objective(s):non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (nash), is an important component of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) spectrum, which progresses to the end stage liver disease, if not diagnosed and treated properly. the disproportionate production of pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines secreted from fat contributes to the pathogenesis of nash. in this study, the comparative effect of piog...

Among the most fundamental problems in Al-gorithmic Game Theory are those concerning the Nash equilibria of a strategic game: states where no player could unilaterally deviate to improve her utility. Such algorithmic problems, including their decision, search and approximation variants , have been studied extensively in the last few years. The fundamental theorem of Nash [4,5] that Nash equilib...