background and objective : obstructive sleep apnea (osa) syndrome is a kind of sleep-related disorder with complex features and may lead to daytime sleepiness. this study aimed to find the differences between smokers and non-smokers regarding the parameters of polysomnography. materials and methods : this was a cross-sectional study conducted on consecutive patients referred to a sleep lab to p...

Smoking has been linked to increased morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. However, limited data exist regarding the arrhythmic effects of smoking at risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD). We aimed evaluate relationship between ventricular tachyarrhythmias SCD. The study population comprised 5,015 implanted an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) from five landm...

Background: Defective sperm function is now recognized as one of the most important causes of male infertility. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) is known to cause various impairments of sperm cells and may play a major role in the etiology of male infertility. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of the final products of lipid peroxidation in seminal plasma. Seminal plasma possesses a rich source of different ...

Background & Objective: Micronucleus assay of buccal mucosa cells is a simple bio- monitoring method for diagnosing the genetic damages of toxic agents. The aim was to study the genotox...

Dear Editor, Cigarette smoking has destructive effect on periodontal tissue. The rates of loss of periodontal attachment and recession of gingival are higher in smokers than non-smokers (1-2). Previous studies on the inflammatory immune responses in smokers’ periodontitis have mainly focused on the role of neutrophils. Tumor necrosis factor–α, prostaglandin E2 and matrix metalloproteinase...

The purpose of the present study was to compare resting heart rate and exercise efficiency smokers non-smokers. In conducted researcher taken Fifty (n=50) subjects, each twenty five (25) non-smokers from Jadavpur University, Kolkata, between age group 18–25 years. To know difference Resting Heart Rate Exercise non-smokers, selected following two cardio respiratory parameters (RHR) (EHR). Mean, ...

background and objective: smoking can be associated with the decreasing gingival blood flow and epithelial changes. the aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological changes of gingival epithelium and connective tissue in smokers. methods: the study was case-control. sixty male patients (28 smokers and 32 nonsmokers) suffering chronic periodontitis were participated in the study. peri...

background: hypoxemia is a frequent complication after general anesthesia. it usually takes longer to recover in individuals with respiratory problems. bakers may suffer from respiratory problems such as asthma. the objective of this study was to compare the occurrence of hypoxemia and duration of supplemental oxygen administration during recovery from general anesthesia in bakers and smokers. ...